问题 阅读理解与欣赏

       我看见他戴着黑布小帽,穿着黑布大马褂,深青布棉袍,蹒跚地走到铁道边,慢慢探身下去,尚不大难。可是他穿过铁道,要爬上那边月台,就不容易了。他用两手攀着上面,两脚再向上缩;他肥胖的身子向左微倾,显出努力的样子,这时我看见他的背影,我的泪很快地流下来了。我赶紧拭干了泪。怕他看见,也怕别人看见。我再向外看时,他已抱了朱红的橘子往回走了。过铁道时,他先将橘子散放在地上,自己慢慢爬下,再抱起橘子走。到这边时,我赶紧去搀他。他和我走到车上,将橘子一股脑儿放在我的皮大衣上。于是扑扑衣上的泥土,心里很轻松似的。过一会说:“我走了,到那边来信!”我望着他走出去。他走了几步,回头看见我,说:“进去吧,里边没人。”等他的背影混入来来往往的人里,再找不着了,我便进来坐下,我的眼泪又来了。

——朱自清《背影》

1.文段中父亲的话语有怎样的特点?试举例分析。

                                                                                                                                                    

2.叶圣陶先生这样评价《背影》:文章通体干净,没有多余的字眼,即使一个“的”字、一个“了”字,也是必须用才用。就此特点,结合选文中“再找不着了”中的“再”字试作分析。

                                                                                                                                                         

3.选文中两次写到父亲的“背影”,为什么详写第一次?

                                                                                                                                                          

答案

1.答案示例一:“我走了,到那边来信!”这句话朴实简洁、情真意切,表现了父亲对儿子的牵挂。 

      示例二: “进去吧,里边没人。”这句话朴实简洁、情真意切,表现了父亲对儿子的体贴关照。(意思对即可)

2.“再”字必须用,突出了作者久久目送父亲渐渐离去的情形,表达了作者对父亲的依恋和牵挂,隐含着作者的失落和感伤。(意思对即可)

3.父亲艰难地爬过铁道买橘子时的背影最让“我”感动,最能体现父亲对“我”的关爱。(意思对即可)

单项选择题
单项选择题

"Clean your plate!" and "Be a member of the clean-plate club!" Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it’s accompanied by an appeal. "Just think about those starving orphans (孤儿) in Africa!"
Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take a few too many bites. Instead of saying "clean the plate," perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.
According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies (肚子). A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story.
Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They serve large portions to stand apart from competitors and to give the customers value. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.
Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today, that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand.
Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. A restaurant industry trade magazine reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4 000 people surveyed believed restaurants serve portions that are too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed.
But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can’t afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $150 000 per year prefer smaller portions, but only 45 percent of those earning less than $ 25 000 want smaller.
It’s not that working class Americans don’t want to eat healthy. It’s just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year’s Christmas presents.

According to the passage, working class Americans dining in restaurants ______.

A. eat less to save money
B. get less on their plate
C. want to get their money’s value back
D. do not care about their health