问题 多项选择题

病历摘要:患者女,36岁,主诉20年前因妊娠后发现右耳听力差,伴轰鸣,已在医院检查耳膜增厚,混浊,稍内陷,经耳咽管吹张治疗似有好转,但进步不明显,因尚不影响社交活动而未进行治疗。10年前因上感后觉左耳听力亦下降,伴蝉鸣,有时轻度眩晕。因症状持久不愈,听力下降影响工作,前来就诊,据家人说,幼年曾有耳流脓历史,记事后未再流脓,姑母听力亦不好。当时,患者言语轻柔,双耳膜完整,较菲薄,右耳膜前上有小钙化斑不内陷,Siegle’s耳镜检查,鼓膜活动度好,音叉检查:C256Weber’stest居中,Rinnee’stest双耳骨导大于气导。Schwabach’stest双耳均延长。

提示:在局麻下先行右侧镫骨摘除术,经耳道掀起鼓膜进入中耳腔,充分暴露镫骨后,离断前后足弓时,足板浮动。提问:断足前未在足板上钻安全孔,用什么办法取出足板()?

A.仍在足板较薄处钻孔,取出足板

B.若足弓尚有残留,用钩针将其固定在前庭窗龛缘,另一手持弯针从足板下缘伸入钩出足板.

C.钩住足弓残端使之固定,另手用直针在足板发蓝处钻小孔后取出足板

D.在足板前下缘之鼓岬处作一小孔,经此孔伸入弯针取出足板

E.因足板已浮动,用吸引器将足板吸出

F.用小钳子伸入前庭池,轻轻取出足板

G.向前庭池内注入Ringer’s液,使足板浮起,然后取出

H.抽本人静脉血1ml,注入前庭池,待血液凝固后,在龛缘用针剔出血块,同时将下沉之底板取出

I.终止手术,三个月后再行二次手术

答案

参考答案:B, C, D

解析:

此例断足前未在足板上钻安全孔,提示考生用什么办法安全可靠取出足板。第2,3,4项备选答案是正确的。要求术者在显微镜下操作熟练,器械掌握准、稳,解剖及病灶标志分辨清楚,一旦足板碎片坠入前庭池或浮动足板下沉,不应强行捞取或强力吸引,否则有损伤膜迷路、产生感音神经性聋之虞。第1,5,6,7项答案是错误的。第8,9项属无效答案。 提示:患者术后第三天,当起床时,转头位过猛,突然出现耳闷,旋转性头晕,恶心呕吐,耳鸣加重,音叉C256术耳骨导弱,Weber’stest偏健侧,出现水平性左向自发性眼震。

完形填空
完形填空。
     A lecturer when explaining stress (压力) management to an audience, raised a glass of water and asked,
"How heavy is this glass of water?" The answers called out ranged from 20g to 500g, to which the lecturer
replied, "The absolute (绝对的) weight   1  matter. It all  2  how long you try to hold it."
     "If I hold it for a minute, that's not a problem. If I hold it for  3 , I'll have an ache in my right arm. If I
hold it for a day, you'll have to  4  an ambulance for me. In each case, it's the  5  weight, but the longer I
hold it, the  6  it becomes."
     He continued, "And that's the way it is with stress management. If we carry our burdens (负担)  7 ,
sooner or later, as the burdens become increasingly heavy, we won't be able to carry on. As with the glass
of water, you have to put it down for a while and rest before holding it again. When we're refreshed (精神
振作), we can carry on with the burden."
     "So, before you return home tonight, put the burden of work down. Don't carry it home. You can pick it
up tomorrow.  8  burdens you're carrying now, lay them  9  for a moment if you can. Relax… then pick
them up later after you've  10  . Life is short. Enjoy it!"
( )1. A. does       
( )2. A. gets on    
( )3. A. a second    
( )4. A. call       
( )5. A. different   
( )6. A. lighter    
( )7. A. for the moment 
( )8. A. However    
( )9. A. up         
( )10. A. held     
B. didn't        
B. depends on    
B. an hour      
B. borrow        
B. less         
B. more comfortable 
B. for a moment   
B. Whatever      
B. on           
B. worked        
C. do        
C. carries on  
C. a week    
C. buy      
C. same      
C. happier   
C. all the time 
C. Whichever  
C. out      
C. rested     
D. doesn't         
D. puts on         
D. a month         
D. drive           
D. more            
D. heavier         
D. from time to time
D. Whenever        
D. down            
D. stood           
问答题 简答题