问题 填空题

Ⅰ.下列各组物质的分离或提纯,应选用下述方法的哪一种(填序号)

A. 分液     B. 过滤    C. 萃取     D. 蒸馏      E. 蒸发结晶     F. 加热分解

(1)除去Ca(OH)2溶液中悬浮的CaCO3______;

(2)从碘水中提取碘______;

(3)用自来水制取蒸馏水______;

(4)分离植物油和水______;

(5)除去NaCl中所含的少量KNO3______;

(6)除去KCl中少量的KClO3______.

Ⅱ.请按要求填空:

(1)用已准确称量的1.06g Na2CO3固体配制0.10mol/L Na2CO3溶液100 mL,所需要的仪器为______.

(2)除去Na2CO3固体中混有的少量KNO3,所进行的实验操作依次为______、蒸发、结晶、______.

(3)除去KCl 溶液中的SO42-,依次加入的溶液为(填物质的化学式)______.

答案

Ⅰ(1)CaCO3难溶于水,Ca(OH)2和CaCO3属于固液混合物,应用过滤的方法分离,故答案为:B;

(2)碘在四氯化碳中的溶解度较在水中大,并且四氯化碳和水互不相溶,可用萃取的方法分离,故答案为:C;

(3)自来水中含有一些难以挥发的无机盐类物质,可通过蒸馏的方法制取蒸馏水,故答案为:D;

(4)植物油和水互不相溶,可用分液的方法分离,故答案为:A;

(5)硝酸钾和氯化钠都溶于水,但二者在水中的溶解度不同,可用结晶的方法分离,故答案为:E;

(6)KClO3加热分解生成KCl,除去KCl中少量的KClO3可直接加热分离,故答案为:F.

Ⅱ(1)配制一定物质的量的浓度的溶液需要称量、溶解、洗涤、移液、定容等操作,溶解需要烧杯、玻璃棒,定容需要胶头滴管、需要100mL容量瓶进行配制,故答案为:烧杯,量筒,玻璃棒,100 mL容量瓶 胶头滴管;

(2)Na2CO3和KNO3在水溶液中的溶解度不同,可用结晶方法分离,具体做法是先将固体溶解,然后蒸发浓缩、冷却结晶,过滤后可得纯净物质,故答案为:溶解;过滤;

(3)除去KCl溶液中的SO42-,应先加入过量BaCl2的使SO42-生成沉淀,然后加入K2CO3使过量的BaCl2生成沉淀,过滤后加入HCl除去过量的K2CO3,故答案为:BaCl2、K2CO3、HCl.

阅读理解

根据下列图示及叙述,完成下列各题。

                        A                                B                             C

   

                     D                                    E

       

1. It lives in Australia.  It has very strong legs. It is grey ( 灰色). It can jump high. It is very good at looking

  after her baby. A mother has a pouch in front. There, the babies are warm and saf'e. It is a _____.

2.  It is from Africa.  It can run f'if'ty kilometers (公里) an hour. It has a very long neck and long legs. It

 can reach the leaves on a very tall tree. It is a _____.    

3. It lives on the Antarctic. It is always very cold there. It is black and white. It can walk on the ice and

  swim in the sea. It's a big bird, but it can't fly. It eats fish. It has very short legs. It looks very lovely.

 Children like it a lot. It is a _____.

4. It is also from Africa.  It is black and white, too.  It has a long tail.  It can run very fast. We can see it in

  zoos and pictures. It is a _____.    

5. It is very lovely. It is not from Africa. It is from China. It is white and black. It likes bamboos. There are

  not many of them in China now.  Everyone loves it very much. It is a _____.

1.  Fill in the blank (空白) of each paragraph.

    1._____   2._____    3._____     4._____   5. _____

2. The black and white animal from Africa has _____

    A. a long tail          

    B. a long neck

    C. a grey body        

    D. a pouch in front

3. _____ is good at swimming in the sea.

    A. A zebra    

    B. A panda

    C. A penguin    

    D. A giraffe

4. In this reading, the underlined word"pouch"means"_____" in Chinese.

    A. 口袋    

    B. 育儿袋

    C. 爪子    

    D. 婴儿

选择题