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问题 单项选择题

超声检查见双肾内弥漫分布有大小不等的无回声暗区，互不相通，肾实质变薄，可能的诊断是( )。

A．肾多发囊肿
B．肾积水
C．多囊肾
D．肾结核
E．肾脓肿

答案

参考答案：C

解析： 多囊肾的超声检查可见双肾布满多发大小不等囊肿，其回声、密度和信号特征均类似于单纯性囊肿，惟检查还可发现部分囊肿呈出血性回声、密度或信号强度。残存的正常肾实质较少甚至难以识别。同时，还能发现多囊肝的表现。

填空题

The African ancestors of today’s black Americans were brought to the U. S. as slaves in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. They worked on farms, especially the large farms in the (36) states. Slowly they became a (37) part of the economic system of the South. Slaves did not have the rights of people. According to the law, they were "things" which belonged to the person who bought them. They had to (38) the orders of their owners without question. They were not allowed to learn to read; their owners feared that (39) slaves would begin to think about the injustice of the system and would learn to struggle for their (40) . Slaves had to work long hours in extremely unhealthy conditions. Their owners had complete power over them. They could be bought and Sold like animals at the slave markets, black children were (41) from their parents and never saw them again. Slave owners had the fight to punish severely any slave who broke rules or (42) against the system. Slaves were often beaten (43) by their owners or killed. (44) . There was a law against brutality to slaves, so (45) . In practice, however, the law meant nothing. (46) .
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单项选择题

疾病轮状模型的轮轴是（）

A.环境

B.遗传因子

C.宿主

D.特异性致病微生物

E.传染物
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