问题 单项选择题

一般资料:张某,女性,19岁,大学一年级学生。

案例介绍:张某上大学近一年来,学习认真,成绩良好,很乐于助人,人际关系良好,是班里的团支部副书记。张某平常非常爱干净,内、外衣服每日要换洗,枕巾、床单、被单等也要每日一换。为此耽误了许多时间,也把自己搞得很累。同学的衣服或鞋子脏了,也要不厌其烦地反复提醒其换洗。自己也觉得其实没有必要,但不这样做心里很不舒服,害怕有什么脏东西,害怕自己会得病,和同学讲过其实自己也很痛苦。本学期开始后不知因为什么原因,张某好像情绪非常低落,自己经常悄悄地流泪,整日不说话。偶尔与同学讲几句话,同学反映她好像脑子不听使唤了,回答一个问题要想半天,还听不懂她在说什么。慢慢地不讲究了,有时甚至不洗漱,有时白天睡觉,有时晚上失眠,因此无法上课。近一个多月来总和同学说自己的某个器官丢了,别人都看见自己没有这个器官了,但自己看不见。

心理咨询师观察了解到的情况:张某目前休学在家,由父母带来就诊。张某的父母都是医生,从小对她的要求严格,非常在意她的卫生情况,她按家长的要求,每日换洗衣服。若脏了必定重新清洗,觉得一尘不染了才罢手。张某从小对医学感兴趣,大致了解生理、解剖学等知识。关于器官丢失问题,家长多次解释,但张某坚信不疑。经了解张某没有受到过什么重大打击。

对张某使用了BPRS量表,该量表适用于()。

A.评定精神病性症状

B.诊断精神病性障碍

C.评定躁狂状态程度

D.评定儿童行为问题

答案

参考答案:A

阅读理解

Human beings have a natural desire to explore the unknown. People with a strong interest in space like to say it is the last place left to explore. But scientists are warning that space exploration for long periods is not going to be easy. They say the human body is not designed to stay in space over an extended period.

The New York Times recently published a report about scientists who are preparing astronauts for a trip to the Moon. The newspaper said the scientists want to make sure that their crews return home in good health. But there are many problems to be solved before people are ready for long trips to the Moon, an asteroid or even the planet Mars.

Humans developed on a planet with a surface that is more than 70 percent water. Our bodies are also about 70 percent water. When there is no gravity that water moves up toward the head, raising pressure in the skull. Arms and legs grow weaker at what is called zero gravity because they no longer need to push against the force of gravity.

Five years ago, astronauts who spent weeks in space reported a change in their eyesight. These astronauts were members of the crew on the International Space Station. Research showed a change in the shape of their eyes. Normally-round eyeballs had become flat during time in space. The research also showed that the right eye was affected more than the left, and that men were more affected than women. Scientists could not find an explanation for the differences.

Bone loss was one of the problems first reported by astronauts returning to Earth after longer stays in space. So scientists designed exercise machines to use on the space station. Tests showed that the exercise equipment helped space travelers keep their bones almost as strong as when they left Earth.

There are other health issues for astronauts who spend a long time in space. They may have problems eating and sleeping. But the biggest health issue is exposure to radiation. On Earth, human beings are protected by the atmosphere and the planet's magnetic field. In outer space, there is no such protection.

小题1:What is the main idea of the passage?

A.Long periods in space will affect the health of astronauts.

B.Scientists are trying to find out how to protect astronauts.

C.Space is dangerous to human beings.

D.People shouldn’t explore space.小题2:What will happen to human bodies in space?

A.Arms and legs grow stronger at what is called zero gravity

B.Blood moves up toward the head.

C.Pressure in the skull will be raised.

D.All of the above.小题3:The following are problems mentioned in the passage Except________.

A.bone loss

B.loss of water

C.eyesight

D.exposure to radiation小题4:Why did scientists design exercise machines to use on the space station?

A.To make sure that their crews return home in good health.

B.To help astronauts keep their bones almost as strong as when they left Earth.

C.To help astronauts get ready for long trips to the Moon, an asteroid or even the planet Mars.

D.To let astronauts adapt to the environment of space.小题5:What is true according to the passage?

A.The biggest health issue is exposure to Sunshine.

B.Research showed a change in the size of their eyes.

C.The right eye was affected less than the left.

D.Men were more affected than women.

单项选择题