问题 实验题

下图为人体血液循环示意图,图中①②③④表示心脏各腔。请据图回答问题:

(1)肾脏被形象地称为“滤清器”,是因为通过____________________的作用和________________________的作用形成尿液,排出人体内多余的、有碍健康的水、无机盐、尿素等,从而“净化”人体细胞的生活环境。

(2)某人患急性肾炎,静脉注射青霉素后,在心脏中最先发现药物的是图中标号______,药物需       次经过心脏才能到达肾脏。

(3)肺是进行气体交换的主要场所。请你说出肺适于气体交换的特点。_________________________________________________(举出两点)。

答案

(1)肾小球的滤过作用 肾小管的重吸收作用 (2) ③   2  (3)肺泡数目多;肺泡外面包绕着丰富的毛细血管;肺泡壁和毛细血管壁都非常薄,只有一层上皮细胞构成

尿液的形成过程包括肾小球的滤过和肾小管的重吸收,静脉注射的药物通过体循环最先到达心脏的右心房,再到右心室,进行肺循环后,到达心脏的左心房,所以是两次到达心脏,肺的基本结构是肺泡,肺泡数目多,肺泡外面包绕着丰富的毛细血管,肺泡壁和毛细血管壁都非常薄,只有一层上皮细胞构成,这些结构特点有利于气体交换。

填空题


A Sports体育运动
Many animals engage in play,but homo sapiens is the only animal (1) have invented sports.Since sports are an invention,a part of culture (2) than an aspect of nature,all definitions of sports are somewhat arbitrary. (3) sports are a human universal found in every known culture or a (4) unique to modern society depends upon one’s definition of sports.Men and (5) have always run,jumped,climbed,lifted,thrown, and wrestled,but they have (6) always performed these physical activities competitively. Although all literate societies seem to (7) contests of one sort or another in which men, and sometimes women, (8) in displays and tests of physical skill and prowess,sports may be (9) defined as physical contests performed for their own sake and not for (10) ulterior end.According to this strict definition,neither Neolithic hunters nor contestants (11) religious ceremonies such as the ancient Olympic Games were engaged in sports. (12) on the stipulation that sports must be performed for their own sake (13) the paradoxical elimination of many activities which are usually thought of as (14) ,such as exercises done for the sake of cardiovascular fitness,races run (15) satisfy a physical education requirement,ball games played to earn a paycheck. (16) definition also means abandonment of the traditional usage in which"sport,"derived (17) Middle English disporter,refers to any light hearted recreational activity.In the. (18) of some 18th- century aristocrats,a game of backgammon and the seduction of (19) milkmaid were both considered good sport,but this usage of the term (20) become archaic.

单项选择题