问题 计算题

如图是一个上肢力量健身器示意图,配重A受到的重力为1200N,其底面积为5×10-2m2,B、(都是定滑轮,D是动滑轮;杠杆EH可绕O点在竖直平面内转动,OE:OH=2:5。小成受到的重力为600N,他通过细绳在H点施加竖直向下的拉力FT1时,杠杆在水平位置平衡,小成对地面的压力为F1,配重A受到的拉力为FA1,配重A对地面的压强P1为6×l0Pa;小成在H点施加竖直向下的拉力为FT2时,杠杆仍然在水平位置平衡,小成对地面的压力为F2,配重A受到的拉力为FA2,配重A对地面的压强P2为4×l0Pa。 已知F1:F2 =20:19,杠杆和细绳的质量均忽略不计。

求:

(1)拉力FA1

(2)拉力FT2

(3)动滑轮D受到的重力G

答案

解:

(1)以配重A为研究对象,受力分析如图所示

 配重A始终处于静止状态,所以有:    

 GA=FNl+FA1,    GA =FN2 +FA2   

 已知G=1200N

 FNl= P1S=6×l0Pa×5×10-2 m2 =300N

 FN2 =P2S=4×l03 Pa×5×l0-2 m2 =200N    

 解得:FA1=900 N;FA2 =1000N

(2)以人为研究对象,受力分析如图所示

 人始终处于静止状态,所以有:

 G =F'1十F'T1,G=F'2+F'T2, 

 因为F'T1与FT1大小相等,F'1与F1大小相等,

 F'T2与FT2大小相等,F'2与F2大小相等,

 所以有:F1=G—FTl,F2=G—FT2 

 已知F1:F2 =20:19

 得:        ①

 对杠杆进行受力分析如图所示

 根据杠杆平衡条件:

 0.5(FA1+G)×OE=FT1×OH, 0.5(FA2+G)×OE=FT2×OH

 已知OE:OH=2:5,FA1=900N,FA2=1000N

 得:FT2—FT1=20N   ②              FA2+G=5FT2   ③

 已知G人=600N,

 由①②解得:FT2=220N

(3)将FT2=220N代人③得:G=100N

阅读理解

阅读理解。

Mr. Wang: May I come in?

Mr. Liu: Oh, it's you. Please come in.

Mr. Wang: Thanks. How are you this afternoon and how's your brother?

Mr. Liu: I'm fine, thanks. My brother isn't at home now. He goes to see his friends on Sunday afternoon.

             He's fine, too. It's time to practice (练习) English, isn't it ?

Mr. Wang: Yes. What are we going to talk about this time (这次)?

Mr. Liu: What about this picture? Look, here it is!

Mr. Wang: What a nice picture! I like it!

Mr. Liu: So do I. It's a picture of Mr. Smith's family.

Mr. Wang: Let me have a look. Ah, there're four members (成员) in the family. One, two, three, four.

Mr. Liu: No, five. There're five.

Mr. Wang: But I see only four. Look, Mr. Smith on the right (右边); Mrs. Smith on the left (左边) and two

                children in front of them.

Mr. Liu: Look, here is another (另一个) one, a dog. Its name is Tom.

Mr. Wang: Oh, I see. They must be very happy.

Mr. Liu: Yes. They are very happy.

根据以上对话内容,在以下短文的空白处填入适当的词,使短文内容与对话相符,每空一词。

      1____________ is 2____________ afternoon. Mr. Wang is at Mr. Liu's 3____________. They practice

English at this 4____________ 5____________ the day.

      Mr. Wang 6____________ a picture. 7____________ is a picture 8____________ Mr. 9____________

Family. 10____________ 11____________ five members. 12____________ of them is 13____________,

a 14____________.

      Mr. Smith 15____________ a happy family. 16____________ a happy family he 17____________!

判断题