问题 阅读理解与欣赏

每一缕阳光都该照耀到新生命

张鸿勋

        ①那天早上发生了日食,我看到了现场直播,也看到了媒体铺天盖地的报道和宣传。五百年一遇,很多人都说太幸运了,太震撼了,有的甚至说,太值了。尤其是重见天日的那一刻,感觉看到了极大的奇迹。 

        ②我问朋友:日食是什么?很多种答案,有一位朋友回答:是影子,是月亮的影子。我再问:一个影子,人们为什么会那么欣喜若狂呢?答:是感觉到一种重见天日的欣喜。

       ③人们通常认为一些很不寻常的事情才是奇迹,其实每时每刻都有和日食一样的所谓的奇迹发生,而每一缕新阳光照耀到的都应该是新的生命,因为那是新的当下。

       ④说到阳光,我想起了第一次下矿井,那是印象非常深刻的经历,在极为寂静的井下500米处,头上的矿灯照射出隐约灯光,周围异常安静,只有近处岩层渗出的地下水发出的“叮咚,叮咚”的声音,掺杂着远处隐约传来的掘煤的爆破声。

       ⑤那个矿井和后来我去过的其他矿井不同,煤层质量虽然很好,但是非常薄,是斜带型分布,最窄的地方只有70厘米高,上下都是岩层,进去之后必须趴下来手脚并用地爬行。我们爬进了矿工俗称的“掌子面”,也就是工作区。一线矿工在这里把小型爆炸后崩落的煤块向外搬运。我第一次体验了矿工是怎样工作的,也趴在地上比划了两下,发现这是一种常人难以想象的工作方式和工作环境,他们像是地层深处的蚯蚓。

       ⑥我们实在待不下去的时候,准备上来,钻入上下有铁板、周围一圈铁栅栏的吊笼,这就是电梯了,除了没有楼层显示以外,电梯速度很均匀,嘎吱作响,500米,相当于一百多层楼宇的封闭电梯,手抓着吊笼上冰冷的螺纹钢,所有人都鸦雀无声。当吊笼从地面升起的刹那,刺眼的阳光洒在我们每一张黧黑的脸上,我们全眯起眼睛,眼泪流下来。走出吊笼,我在台阶上静默良久。现在想来,那个时候的感动,应该和看到日食没有什么不同,再重复一次:每一缕阳光都应该照耀到新的生命,因为那是新的当下。

        ⑦如果我们还有解不开的烦恼,去体验吧:如果你觉得自己郁闷得要自杀,带点好吃的去一次儿童医院的白血病病房;如果你觉得自己病得比较重,带点玩具去看看脑瘫的孩子;如果你痛失了亲人,去看看地震灾区人们的生活;如果你觉得学业或者工作不堪重负,下一次矿井吧。说多少劝解的话都没有意义,真的,请体验一次:请暂时把你认为不可解决的烦恼扔开,去一趟,我保证你会把烦恼彻底抛开,拍拍灰尘嘲笑自己。

       ⑧因为,这是我曾经的体验。(摘自2010年《青年文摘》,有改动)

1.用简洁的语言概括本文的内容。

                                                                                                                

2.作者为什么在文章的开头写日食现象?

                                                                                                                                      

3.文章第④段划线处属于什么描写?在文中起了什么作用?

                                                                                                                                                    

4.在文章第⑤段中,矿工为什么把工作区称为 “掌子面”?

                                                                                                                                                     

5.通过阅读本文,你一定会感受到当下的幸福,结合你的经历,谈谈感受。

                                                                                                                                                     

                                                                                                                                                      

答案

1.作者通过一次下矿井的经历,感悟到幸福从未远离我们,告诉我们要珍惜眼前的幸福。

2.为了引起读者的阅读兴趣,为后文情节发展作铺垫。

3.环境描写,渲染了寂静的气氛,烘托了人物紧张的心情。

4.因为矿井的煤层非常薄,是斜带型分布,最窄的地方只有70厘米高,上下都是岩层,进去之后必须趴下来手脚并用地爬行,所以矿工把工作区称为“掌子面”。

5.示例:经历:一次放学回家,我看到一位腿脚有缺陷的同学一瘸一拐地走回家。

 感受:看到她我感受到自己是幸福的,虽然我没有富裕的家庭,没有漂亮的外貌,但我有健康的身体,我还有什么理由不去珍惜眼前的幸福呢?

阅读理解

D

College libraries are designed primarily for research and study. To explain its use, let us choose a research topic and follow the step-by-step procedure of looking up the material for the paper. Suppose your assignment is to write a paper on a novel called “The Sun Also Rises” by American writer Hemingway. The first step is to go to the main catalog. Many small drawers on the large wooden cabinets are lined up in alphabetical(字母的) order. Each of the drawers contains hundreds of alphabetical ordered cards. These cards are printed references to all material available in the library. Title cards are cataloged() by the first word of the book title, leaving out the articles like “a”, “an” and “the”. And then you get the cards for the books you need. On the upper left corner of each card is the call number. This is the numerical code that shows where the book is located in the library. The library has open and closed stacks. If your book is on the open stacks, you can go to the open-stack room, and according to the call number find it out by yourself. There are only about 30,000 books on o pen stacks, while most of the 800,000 books in our library are kept in closed stacks, which are accessible only to teachers and graduate students. For undergraduates like you, borrowing books from the closed stacks have to be done with the help of our librarian. In that case, you must fill out a call slip(纸条) for the book, showing the call number, author and title. You can get call slips on tables near the catalog cabinets. You show your call slip together with your library card to a librarian at the information desk. He or she will help you find the book out in the closed stacks.

53.What is the main purpose of this text?

A. To present readers a brief introduction to a college library.  

B. To guide readers how to find books needed in a college library.

C. To tell readers how to fill out a call slip in a college library.

D. To show readers where to find books in a college library.

54.What letter you should look for on the title card for the book “The Old Man and the Sea” by the Hemingway?

A. The letter “t”.           B. The letter “h”.           C. The letter “s”.           D. The letter “o”.

55.How are books arranged and shelved in the library?

A. By call numbers.                                          B. By call slips of authors’ names.

C. In alphabetical order.                             D. By the first word of book title.

56.Suppose you are an undergraduate and you want to borrow a book from the closed stacks, which is the correct order to do it?

a. go to the main catalog                     b. show your call slip and library card

c. find out the call number           d. fill out a call slip

e. get the cards for the books

A.a-b-e-d-c                   B. a-e-c-d-b                  C. b-a-c-d-e                  D. b-c-a-e-d

单项选择题