问题 问答题 简答题

围岩抗力(岩石抗力)与岩石抗力系数K的概念,K与变形模量有何区别与联系?工程上常用什么系数来表达岩石抗力?

答案

参考答案:

围岩抗力指围岩这种限制衬砌膨胀抵抗径向变形的能力。

设σ为岩石抗力,y为径向变形值,则σ=Ky,式中K称为岩石抗力系数,以kg/cm3表示。其物理意义是迫使洞壁产生一个单位的径向变形所需施加的力,或者视为围岩被压缩一个单位距离所产生的抗力。实质上它和变形模量的概念是类似的,只不过变形模量E是表征平面半无限体的变形,而K则是表征径向变形。根据弹性理论可推导出两者间的近似关系为:式中,μ为泊松比,Υ为洞径。工程上常采用单位抗力系数K。,即,故所谓单位抗力系数K。即为洞半径等于100cm时的岩石抗力系数。

单项选择题

More and more residences, businesses, and even government agencies are using telephone answering machines to take messages or give information or instructions. Sometimes these machines give (1) instructions, or play messages that are difficult to understand. If you (2) telephone calls, you need to be ready to respond when you get a (3)

The most common machine is the (4) used in residence. If you call a home (5) there is a telephone answering machine (6) you will hear several rings and then a recorded message that (7) says something like this: "Hello. We can’t come to the (8) right now. If you want us to call you back, please leave your name and number after the beep." Then you will hear a "beep", (9) is a brief, high-pitched (10) . After the beep, you can say who you are, whom you want to speak to, and what number the person should call to (11) you, or you can leave a (12) . Some telephone answering machines record for only 20 or 30 seconds after the beep, (13) you must respond quickly.

Some large businesses and government agencies are using telephone answering machines to provide information on (14) about which they receive a large volume of (15) . Generally speaking, using these systems (16) you to have a touch-tone phone ( a phone with buttons rather than a rotary dial). The voice on the machine will tell you to (17) a certain button on your telephone if you want information on Topic A, another button for Topic B, and so on. You listen (18) you hear the topic you want to learn about, and then you push the (19) button. Immediately after making your (20) , you will hear a recorded message on the topic.

8()

A.tone

B.noise

C.voice

D.tune

单项选择题