问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读。   

水磨镇的微笑

范  宇

  四川盆地是一个多雨的地方,特别是在春暖花开的季节。这是一点也不错的,到达水磨镇时,绵绵的细雨正好如一层薄薄的面纱,把小镇笼罩得像一个温婉的梦。白脊青瓦,雕梁画栋,青石长街……这一切都太美丽了,美得让我以为是不是走岔了路,乘错了车,误闯入了王剑冰先生笔下那烟雨朦胧的江南小镇——周庄。只是寻了很久都没有见到周庄的乌篷船,这才让我清醒过来,这里不是江南的周庄,这里是汶川的水磨。

  唐宋的街道、明代的台阶、清代的灯笼……没有哪一样能够让我们把眼前这个小镇与地震、与废墟联系在一起。越是温婉的梦,越容易让人迷失,走进烟雨中的水磨,谁还会记得三年前的那场地崩山摧的大地震呢?可是那些破败的废墟以及废墟之前的那些迷烟,又与水磨镇无法分开。

  虽然细雨朦胧,但是蜿蜒的禅寿老街上依然是游客不绝。大多都像我一样撑着一把油纸伞,在长长的街道上悠悠地徘徊。从繁华的现代缓慢地走向静谧的古代,却又在似浓度不高的高粱小酒的雨中,我们都醉了。融合了羌、藏、汉三民族精髓的建筑风情,更是让我们不自然地想到了援建者们的良苦用心。这里不仅仅是一个如江南周庄那样的小镇,而更多的是民族间的和谐乐章与当地居民们一个温暖的梦。我想,游客们醉在其中终究还是会醒的,而当地的居民却不会醒来,也不再愿意醒来,因为这已经是他们永远的梦,永远的家。

  走得累了,收好油纸伞,小心翼翼地走进一家茶铺。一看就知道,迎上来的是一脸微笑的老板,不,应该是一脸微笑的掌柜。虽然他没有称我们为客官,也没有着上一套唐宋元明清的服装,但是古色古香的桌凳、宋元的柜台和那些挂着的清朝的灯笼,不得不让我把他和“掌柜”这个遥远的词汇联系起来。我不懂茶,也不会品茶,只是慕名要了一碗这里的名茶“高山羌牙”。我品不出茶的神韵,只是觉得茶水碰到舌尖时很舒服,让我情不自禁地吟出

  那句关于茶的广告词:“天堂甘露山里来,九寨神茶雾中生。”正好今天有些雨雾,又喝了此“神茶”,这水磨小镇也算得上是人间天堂了。

  据茶铺的老板说,这里的居民都把新水磨镇叫做“乡巴啦”,而“乡巴啦”在他们的语言词汇中即为“神仙居住的地方”之意。你看,不止是匆匆路过的游客们视这座古色古香的小镇为天堂,就连当地的居民也亳不谦虚地称它为“乡巴啦”。所以,今日的水磨镇的确很难与从前的那个污染重镇联系起来,你看,就连那臭水横流的寿溪河也都变成了碧波荡漾的湖泊。那么,2010年全球人居论坛把“全球灾后重建最佳范例”荣誉称号授予水磨镇,也就毫无一点夸张的成分了。对于这一世界级的荣誉称号,水磨镇没有感到丝毫的惶恐,而是从从容容地接受了。今日的水磨镇,也绝对有这个资格。

  春季的细雨总是难以停息,水磨镇的雨雾是越来越朦胧了。越是朦胧越是像一个清远而温婉的梦,越是像梦也就越是让人联想到烟雨中的江南,联想到江南,就让人联想到了泼墨的山水画。流水潺潺的寿溪湖畔,黄墙青瓦、雕廊飞檐的吊脚楼,怎么不是一幅掩映在烟雨蒙蒙中的泼墨山水呢?雨在画中下,人在画中行,而画中的水磨古镇就变成了一个梦,一个愿意永恒的梦。我觉得水磨镇,也可以是“水墨”镇,亦真亦幻,梦与现实就在水磨与水墨之间来回,而烟雨还在继续。

  每每走进一家店铺,接待的老板或是服务员都是面带着微笑。我已经着不出,面带着微笑的他们就是三年前从废墟里走出来的幸存者。灾难中的忧伤已经隐没在了水磨的烟雨之中,这里流淌着的是一派祥和的生命气息。水磨镇的居民们都在微笑,烟雨中的水磨镇也在微笑,这微笑就是水磨镇真真实实的幸福写照。

1.选文以“水磨镇的微笑”为题的深刻含义是什么?

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2.“走得累了,收好油纸伞,小心翼翼地走进一家茶铺。一看就知道,迎上来的是一脸微笑的老板,不,应该是一脸微笑的掌柜。”作者叙写茶老板的“一脸微笑”目的是什么?

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3.选文中画线的句子运用了比喻的修辞手法,请结合全文简略说说这个句子在文中的表达效果。

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答案

1.反映了水磨镇人民灾后的幸福生活,展示了灾区人民自强不息、艰苦奋斗、乐观向上的精神风貌。

2.从一个侧面反映了灾区人民面对重建的新家园的喜悦以及对游客的感激之情。

3.这组句子运用比喻的修辞手法刻画出了水磨镇春雨中那水墨画般的朦胧美、宁静美。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality (理性), but when it comes

to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of

course, any reasonable student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department, many famous professors and lots of good labs and research equipment. But that's not what I did.

     I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts (文科) university that doesn't even offer a major in

electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I wanted

a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my job. I wanted to

open my eyes and expand my vision by communicating with people who weren't studying science or

engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a wise choice. They told me I was

wise and grown-up beyond my 18 years, and I believed them.  

     I headed off to the college and sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big

engineering "factories" where they didn't care if you had values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete

engineer: technical expert and excellent humanist all in one.  

     Now I'm not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideas crashed into reality, as all noble ideas

finally do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal-arts

courses, I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile engineering with

liberal-arts courses in college.  

     The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the

liberal arts simply don't mix as easily as I supposed in high school. Individually they shape a person in very

different ways. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.

1. Why did the author choose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university?

A. He intended to become an engineer and humanist.

B. He intended to be a reasonable student with noble ideals.

C. He wanted to be an example of practicality and rationality.

D. He wanted to communicate with liberal-arts students.

2. According to the author, by communicating with people who study liberal arts, engineering students

   can _______.

A. become noble idealists

B. broaden their knowledge

C. find a better job in the future

D. balance engineering and liberal arts 

3. Which word below can replace the underlined word "reconcile"?

A. confuse

B. compare

C. combine

D. compete

4. The author suggests in this passage that _______.

A. liberal-arts students are supported to take engineering courses

B. technical experts with a wide vision are expected in the society

C. successful engineering students are more welcomed in the society

D. engineering universities with liberal-arts courses are needed

问答题 简答题