问题
解答题
设数列{an}的前n项积为Tn,已知对∀n,m∈N+,当n>m时,总有
(1)求证:数列{an}是等比数列; (2)设正整数k,m,n(k<m<n)成等差数列,试比较Tn•Tk和(Tm)2的大小,并说明理由; (3)探究:命题p:“对∀n,m∈N+,当n>m时,总有
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答案
(1)证明:设m=1,则有
=Tn-1•qn-1,∴Tn T1
=a1•qn-1Tn Tn-1
∴an=a1•qn-1
∴n≥2时,
=qan an-1
∴数列{an}是等比数列;
(2)当q=1时,an=a1,∴Tn=a1n,∴Tn•Tk=a1n+k=a12m=Tm2
当q≠1时,an=a1•qn-1,Tn=a1n•qn(n-1) 2
∴Tn•Tk=a1n•q
•a1k•qn(n-1) 2
=a1n+k•qk(k-1) 2 n(n-1)+k(k-1) 2
∵Tm2=a12m•qm(m-1),n+k=2m,k<m<n
∴a12m=a1n+k,
=n(n-1)+k(k-1) 2
-m>(n2+k2 2
)2-m=m2-mn+k 2
∴q>1时,Tn•Tk>Tm2;q<1时,Tn•Tk<Tm2
(3)证明:由(1)知,充分性成立;
必要性:若数列{an}是公比为q(q>0)的等比数列,则an=a1•qn-1
∴q≠1时,Tn=a1n•qn(n-1) 2
∴
=Tn Tm
=a1n-mqa1n•q n(n-1) 2 a1m•q m(m-1) 2 (n-m)(n+m+1) 2
Tn-m•q(n-m)m=a1n-m•q
•q(n-m)m=a1n-mq(n-m)(n-m-1) 2 (n-m)(n+m+1) 2
∴
=Tn-m•q(n-m)mTn Tm
∴对∀n,m∈N+,当n>m时,总有
=Tn-m•q(n-m)m(q>0是常数)Tn Tm
同理可证,当q=1时,也成立
∴命题p:“对∀n,m∈N+,当n>m时,总有
=Tn-m•q(n-m)m(q>0是常数)”是命题t:“数列{an}是公比为q(q>0)的等比数列”的充要条件.Tn Tm