问题 论述题

按照教育部的有关通知,各地应在2012年前出台异地高考相关方案细则。有人称,“要制定合理的高考门槛条件,必须建立起让公众参与博弈的决策机制。”“没有这样的民主决策过程,由地方教育部门拍板制定的异地高考方案,很可能既得不到本地户籍人口的支持,也难于解决进城务工人员的诉求,结果是两头不讨好。”

结合材料,从公民与政府关系的角度,谈谈如何防止政府决策“两头不讨好”。(12分)

答案

①政府必须审慎行使权力,坚持科学民主决策。(3分)应加强调查研究,不断完善决策信息和智力支持系统,提高决策的科学性;建立信息公开制度,增加决策的透明度和公众的参与度,使决策能够更好地反映民意。(3分)②政府要畅通社情民意反映制度、专家咨询制度、重大事项社会公示制度、社会听证制度等民主参与渠道。(4分)③公民应积极通过各种渠道、采用多种方式有序参与民主决策。(2分)

题目分析:要防止政府决策“两头不讨好”,就要做到政策决策的科学化和民主化,从政府的角度看,应强调审慎行使权力,坚持科学民主决策,完善决策信息和智力支持系统、建立信息公开制度、增加决策的透明度和公众的参与度、畅通社情民意反映制度、专家咨询制度、重大事项社会公示制度、社会听证制度等民主参与渠道;从公民的角度看,应强调公民积极有序参与民主决策。

阅读理解
阅读理解。
          From southern England to northeast Scotland, the British is to find a motto (格言) that best tell the spirit
of the nation in five words. However, there is a small problem. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland
are not, in fact, a nation and have different cultures. It seems it is impossible to find a national motto to join the
country.
         Who first had the idea of looking for a motto? British Prime Minister (首相) Gordon Brown started it: He
suggested it as part of a public discussion to decide "the ideals (理想) that put us together as a nation".
         Newspapers couldn't wait to get the game started. So they asked website readers to tell their own
opinions. The one that won a Times Online poll (投票) is "No motto please, we're British". You may wonder
what it really means. The suggestion is that British people don't like to go to the trouble of having a motto.
However, it also suggests that Britain is a place with a long history and rich culture:"We don't need a motto.
We know who we are. We have done quite well without one for over 2,000 years, thanks."
          Although the discussion seems mainly lighthearted (轻松的), it also has a serious side. The British
government is worried that Britain is losing its cultural identity (特性). While Britain has a seat at the United
Nations and competes as one at the Olympic Games, England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are so
different from each other and they have their own FIFA football teams.
1. What are the British doing according to the text?
[ ]
A. They are playing an interesting game.
B. They are looking for a motto for the whole country.
C. They are listening to their Prime Minister's idea.
D. They are giving a name for their football team.
2. In which part of the country do people look for a motto for the nation?
[ ]
A. England
B. Wales
C. Northern Ireland
D. All over the country
3. In the writer's eyes, which is NOT true about Britain?
[ ]
A. Britain is a country with different cultures and a long history.
B. It's easy to join the union with a motto.
C. There are four parts in Britain
D. The difference in the four parts may make Britain lose its identity.
4. Who first had the idea of finding a motto?
[ ]
A. Times
B. British people
C. Gordon Brown
D. The British government
5. What does the underlined sentence mean?
[ ]
A. British people are too lazy to find a motto.
B. If they say "No motto", they win.
C. Most British people don't like having a motto.
D. There are so many mottos that they don't want one any more.
单项选择题