问题 问答题 简答题

男性患者,54岁,反复中上腹疼痛、纳差、厌食1年多,近1周加重,自选服用“消炎痛”止痛,今日晨起呕吐咖啡色胃内容物约200ml,解大便后发生晕厥急诊入院。查体:T:37.5℃P:110次/分,BP:90/60mmHg。面色苍白、无肝掌、蜘蛛痣、黄疸、中上腹深压痛,无反跳痛、肌紧张,肠鸣音活跃。该患者可能的诊断及诊断依据是什么?应作哪些进一步检查明确?治疗措施是什么?

答案

参考答案:

(1)诊断:上消化道大出血。依据:患者有呕血表现(呕吐咖啡色胃内容物)及周围循环衰竭表现(晕厥、血压90/60mmHg、心率110次/分)。出血原因:①消化性溃疡出血:依据有反复中上腹疼痛病史;有纳差、厌食的消化道症状;且溃疡出血是上消化道出血最常见原因。②急性糜烂出血性胃炎出血:依据患者出血前有明确的服用消炎痛病史,应考虑本病。③胃癌:依据患者年龄大(超过45岁),是肿瘤高发人群,近期原有中上腹疼痛加重,并有出血,应考虑本病。

(2)进一步检查:血常规、呕吐物隐血、大便常规血+隐血、胃镜检查+活检

(3)治疗措施:A、一般治疗:①监护:生命体征、腹部体征、各种检查结果。②保持水、电解质平衡及酸、碱平衡③禁食、保持呼吸道通畅、必要时吸氧

B、抑酸治疗

C、胃粘膜保护剂

D、补液抗休克等治疗

E、急诊内镜止血治疗

F、手术治疗

G、介入治疗:血管栓塞

完形填空
完形填空。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择能填入空白处的正确答案,并将其字母代号填入答题卷相应空格内。
Once a man and his wife worked for an old man. There was a big box in the old man’s living room. The old man pointed to the  1 and said, “ There’s only one thing you mustn’t do.  2     open the box.” After saying this, he left his home.
The woman said to her husband, “ There  3  be something expensive in the box. Let’s open it, shall we?” Her husband said no  4  her. But the woman didn’t give up the idea. One day, she decided to find out  5  was in it. Her husband didn’t stop her. She  6  the box and looked inside. To her surprise, she found nothing in the box. She tried hard to close it,  7  she failed.
That evening the old man came home and found the box open. He was  8  and asked the woman and her husband to leave his home.
“ But there was nothing in the box,” the woman said “ We haven’t taken  9  at all.” The old man shouted at them. “ The box is not important, but I can’t  10  you. That’s important!’’
小题1:
A.bagB.boxC.roomD.desk
小题2:
A.Don’tB.Doesn’tC.NotD.Do
小题3:
A.may notB.can notC.mustD.should
小题4:
A.toB.forC.withD.about
小题5:
A.whichB.whatC.whoD.that
小题6:
A.lostB.brokeC.openedD.watched
小题7:
A.butB.andC.forD.then
小题8:
A.honestB.happyC.carefulD.angry
小题9:
A.somethingB.nothingC.everythingD.anything
小题10:
A.understand B.ask C.believeD.answer
选择题