问题 问答题 简答题

如何有效激发学习动机?

答案

参考答案:

学习动机的激发指使潜在的学习动机转化为学习的行动。学习动机的激发在于利用一定的诱因,使已形成的学习需要由潜在状态转入活动状态。使学生产生强烈的学习愿望。 

(1)创设问题情境。实施启发式教学 

所谓创设问题情境,就是在教学过程中提出有一定难度的问题。使学生既感到熟悉又不能单纯利用已有的知识和习惯的方法去解决,从而激起学生思维的积极性和求知欲望。 

(2)根据作业难度,恰当控制动机水平 

心理学家指出,动机强度与学习效率呈倒U型曲线,即学习动机的强度有一个最佳水平——动机水平适中时的学习效率最高。 

(3)充分利用反馈信息.妥善进行奖惩 

来自学习结果的种种反馈信息,对学习效果有明显影响。如果在提供定量的信息反馈的基础上.再加上定性的评价,效果会更明显,这就是奖励与惩罚的作用。 

(4)正确指导结果归因,促使学生继续努力 

根据维纳的成败归因理论,不同的归因方式会影响个体以后的行为及动机,并且归因方式可以训练和改变。因此,可以通过改变主体的归因方式来改变主体今后的行为。 

(5)注意内外动机的互相补充,相辅相成

(6)注意个别差异

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Such English idioms as "as poor as a church mouse" and "like a drowned (淹死的) rat" remind people of

the unfavorable images (形象) of mice and rats. But with his efforts in the 20th century, an American young

man Walt Disney changed people's view.

     Born in 1901 in Chicago, Walt Disney was a newspaper seller, and was fond of drawing pictures. Later

he went to study arts in a Chicago institute. One day when he was thinking hard how to draw a picture in a

building, several mice crawled (爬) onto the drawing board. Walt fed them with bread bits, and they played

happily.

     Suddenly an idea struck Walt. He drew a mouse on the paper and named it Mickey. Then Walt began to

make cartoon films based on Mickey. He also made use of the newest skill in dubbing (为....配音) in his

cartoons so that Mickey was able to talk. In 1932 a Walt Disney cartoon film won the Oscar.

     In mid-1950s, Walt planned a Disneyland in California, and within 10 years, Mickey, the little mouse,

helped him to make 200 million dollars. Then another Disneyland was set up in Florida, Mickey Mouse seemed

to become the symbol (象征) of American amusements.

     In the Mickey Mouse films, when Mickey did anything wrong or foolish, letters of protest (抗议) would

soon be sent to Disney. He then created Donald Duck and Pluto to do the silly things so that Mickey was

always pretty and honest. With Mickey Mouse, Walt Disney challenged the worldly view that it was able to

change the nature of anything born in dirty surroundings.

1. Mice and rats will bring people some harm _____. [ ]

A. so people are tired of them

B. because they often destroy food and buildings

C. and the number of them is increasing very fast

D. because they are the dirtiest animals in the world

2. The text tells us that _____. [ ]

A. the cartoon film "Mickey" is one of the best films in the world

B. Americans like rats and mice very much

C. a lot of Americans enjoy drawing rats and mice in their pictures

D. people all over the world should protect rats and mice

3. In America, when they talk about Mickey Mouse, Americans often think that _____.[ ]

A. it is a kind of useful animal

B. it stands for amusements

C. everyone hates it

D. it is a sign of a good future

4. One of the following words that can best express WaIt Disney's character is _____. [ ]

A. kind

B. rude

C. highly creative

D. good-looking

5. Which of the following animals can show the main idea of the text? [ ]

A.

B.

C.

D.

判断题