问题 问答题 论述题

论述磷酸盐提高肉保水性的作用机理

答案

参考答案:

①、提高肉的pH的作用:焦磷酸盐和三聚磷酸盐呈碱性反应,加入肉中可提高肉的pH。

②、对肉中金属离子有整合作用:聚磷酸盐有与金属离子螯合的作用,加入聚磷酸盐后,则原与肌肉的结构蛋白质结合的钙镁离子,被聚磷酸盐整合,可以吸收更多量的水分。

③、增加肉的离子强度的作用:聚磷酸盐是具有多价阴离子的化合物,因而在较低的浓度下可以具有较高的离子强度。由于加入聚磷酸盐使肌肉的离子强度增加,有利于肌球蛋白的解离,因而提高了保水性。

④、解离肌动球蛋白的作用:焦磷酸盐和三聚磷酸盐有解离肌肉蛋白质中肌动球蛋白为肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白的特异作用。而肌球蛋白的持水能力强,因而提高了肉的保水性。

单项选择题

In 1998 consumers could purchase virtually anything over the Internet. Books, compact discs, and even stocks were (1) from World Wide Websites that seemed to (2) almost daily a few years earlier, some people had predicted that consuners accustomed to shopping in stores would be (3) to buy things that they could not see or touch (4) . For a growing number of time-starved consumers, however, shopping from their home computer was proving to be a convenient (5) to driving to the store.

A research estimated that in 1998 US consumers could purchase $ 7.3 billion of goods over the Internet, double the 1997 total. Finding a bargain was getting easier, (6) the rise of online auctions and Websites that did comparison shopping on the Internet for the best (7) .

For all the consumer interest, (8) in eyberspaee was still a largely (9) business, however. Internet pioneer Amazon. eom, which began selling books in 1995 and later (10) into recorded music and videos, posted (11) of $ 153.7 million in the third quarter, up from $ 37.9 million in the same period of 1997. Overall, (12) , the company’ s loss widened to $ 45.2 million from $9.6 million, and analysts did not expect the company to turn a profit (13) 2001. (14) the great loss, Amazon. tom had a stock market value of many billions, reflecting investors’ (15) about the future of the industry.

Internet retailing appealed (16) investors because it provided an efficient means for reaching millions of consumers without having the cost of operating (17) stores with their armies of salespeople. Selling online carried its own risks, however, (18) so many companies competing tor consumers’ attention, price competition was (19) and profit (20) thin or nonexistent.

2()

A. turn up

B. show up

C. bring up

D. spring up

单项选择题