问题 问答题 论述题

霍去病墓前石雕的中心作品是什么?它表现的内容是什么?其艺术特色怎样? (或:为什么霍去病墓前石雕具有巨大的艺术魅力?)

答案

参考答案:

这是西汉纪念碑性质的一组大型石刻,霍去病(公元前140年至公元前117年)是汉武帝时的名将,能征善战,曾六次率军抗击匈奴,夺得祁连山、焉支山及河西走廊,开辟通往西域的道路,取得安定北方边塞的决定性胜利。汉武帝对霍去病极为赏识,晋封为骠骑 * * 、冠军侯,可惜24岁英年便早早去世。为表彰霍去病的卓越功勋,特赐陪葬汉武帝的陵墓茂陵,并“为冢象祁连山”,以独特的设计意匠和气势宏伟的石雕群建成一座纪念碑式的墓冢。

霍去病墓石雕有马踏匈奴、跃马、卧马、伏虎、卧牛、卧象、野猪、鱼、蟾和野人抱熊等,马踏匈奴石刻,是这项纪念碑群雕的主体。作者运用寓意手法,以一匹器宇轩昂、傲然卓立的战马来象征骠骑 * * ;以战马将侵扰者踏翻在地的典型情节,来赞颂骠骑 * * 在抗击匈奴战争中建树的奇功。马踏匈奴石刻是思想性与艺术性完美统一的典范,是西汉纪念碑雕刻取得划时代成就的标志。

这批石雕之所以具有巨大的感染力,除了作者环绕所纪念的英雄及其业绩,进行了精巧的设计与制作外,还在于它体现了汉代艺术特有的古拙美。作者运用循石造型的艺术手法,巧妙地将圆雕、浮雕、线刻等技法融汇在一起,作品注重整体块面的把握,而绝不在乎细部雕琢,人物、动物肢体均不作镂空处理,而是以浮雕和线刻表现。刻画形象恰到好处,作品充满的体量感与力度感,风格厚重沉稳,质朴大气,堪称“汉人石刻,气魄深沉雄大”的杰出代表。

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
阅读理解

A new study shows one of the largest glaciers(冰川) in Greenland is becoming smaller and speeding to the sea faster than scientists expected. If it continues, Greenland itself could become much smaller during this century and global seas could rise as much as 3 feet.

The rates of change that we’re noticing are much higher than expected. If these rates continue, it is not likely that Greenland could shrink by several tens of percent this century. However, it’s not known how quickly this coastal response of the Greenland ice sheet melting will have an effect on the vast inland ice.

Greenland is the world’s largest island, covering area more than three times the size of Texas. Some 81 percent of it is covered by ice, and there are many glaciers. Glaciers are like slow-moving rivers of ice. Where a glacier meets the sea, its weight keeps it firmly resting on the bottom. A glacier’s front is the point where the water is deep enough that the glacier floats.

Since the 1970s, the front of Helheim stayed in the same place. Then it began melting rapidly, moving back 4.5 miles from 2001 through this past summer. It has also grown thinner, from top to bottom, by more than 130 feet since 2001. And over these past years, its trip to the sea has sped up from about 70 feet per day to nearly 110.

The melting is driven by a warmer climate. Temperatures in Greenland have risen more than five degrees Fahrenheit(华氏温度) in the last ten years. Since most of Greenland’s ice is on land, seas will rise as the ice melts. If all Greenland’s ice sheet melted, oceans would be 15-20 feet higher. Nobody expects that to happen any time soon.

小题1:What can we know about the glaciers according to the passage?

A.Glaciers only lie in Greenland.

B.Water in glaciers is more than sea water.

C.Glaciers sometimes float on the water.

D.Glaciers can increase the water level of lakes.小题2:According to the passage, we know that Greenland ___________.

A.belongs to Canada

B.is the largest island in North America

C.is all covered with glaciers

D.is sinking under the sea level小题3:Which of the following may be the result of the disappearing of Greenland glaciers?

A.The climate of the world will be warmer.

B.The glaciers in other areas will be bigger.

C.It will be easy for explorers to visit the island.

D.Some coastal cities may be under the sea.