问题 选择题

(江苏省苏州市2008届高三教学调研测试,历史,22)新航路的开辟打破了各个文明区域间孤立、分散、隔绝的状态,为世界市场的形成提供了联结通道。读图与阅读材料,回答下列有关问题:

材料1:新航路开辟示意图

材料3:“好在世界已经变得越来越小,已无新大陆可以发现。连南极冰层下的土地也已测量清楚,连走西洋中时隐时现的珊瑚岛也已记录在案。已有‘地球村’的说法。东方人、西方人,不过是‘地球村’中‘鸡犬相闻,的村民而已。”

——冯骥才《献给命运的紫罗兰》

(1)材料1反映的历史事件对世界市场有何影响?

(2)材料2是哪一次工业革命的成果?这次工业革命对资本主义世界市场有何影响。

(3)近代以来,哪些因素使世界变得越来越小?

(4)材料3中“地球村”的说法反映了当今世界经济发展的什么趋势?

答案

(1)为资本主义世界市场的形成提供了连接通道,使世界市场形成雏形。

(2)第一次工业革命。影响使资本主义世界市场初步形成。

(3)生产力发展;新交通工具和通信工具的创制与使用。

(4)经济全球化的趋势。

本题考查的是资本主义世界市场发展的历程以及趋势。认真阅读材料,找出有效信息是解答的关键。第(3)问要抓住本质特征,第(4)问要结合当时的经济发展趋势来进行解答。

阅读理解
Peter, Helen, Catherine, Elizabeth和Levin 想根据各自在环保方面的兴趣(1-5)进行案例研究。阅读下面
某杂志的专题报道摘要(A、B、C、D、E和F),选出适合他们研究的最佳案例。选项中有一项是多余
选项。
( )1. Peter: Reducing plastic and other wastes through DIY.
( )2. Helen: Making use of the heavy traffic to produce electricity.
( )3. Catherine: Building a community without private cars
( )4. Elizabeth: Building houses with recycled materials and energy-efficiency systems
( )5. Levin: Developing a new type of urban car which burns less gas
                                   A                                      B
                              Vauban
     We know cars are terrible polluters, but
would you give yours up? Vauban, a community
in southwestern Germany, did just that, and its
5,000 citizens are doing fine. Most streets are
free of vehicles, and there are generous green
spaces and good public-transport links, including
fast buses and bicycle paths. When people must
drive, they can turn to car-sharing clubs. "All the
citizens had the chance to plan their own city,"
says Andreas Delleke, an energy expert, "and it's
just how we wanted it to be."
                                Denmark
     During the period of gas shortage in the early
70s, Denmark decided to become self-sufficient
(自足). So they began a few projects making
smart investments along the way.
     On the island of Samsoe, local families, fishermen
and farmers bought wind turbines (涡轮机) to
produce their own energy, Within seven years these
turbines were completely paid for. And can you believe
just one of wind turbines produces enough electricity
for 600 households?
                                  C                                     D
               Trey Parker and Matt Stone
     Trey Parker and Matt Stone, creators of
South Park, have built a sustainable (可持续的)
castle with outer siding and inner flooring of
recycled wood, recycled carpeting, high-efficiency
boiler systems.
     "I think more and more today, people are
willing to make a statement about the Earth and
how they want to protect it," Michael Ruth, home
designer and builder says. "For high-end homes in
this valley, this is entirely consistent with what they
cost."
                                 P-NUT
     Who doesn't love the name P-NUT-short
for Personal-Neo Urban Transport? It's Honda's
latest attempt to create a tiny footprint for a new
urban vehicle. This little P-NUT is unique. With
a central driving position, the car is designed to
move in tight settings. The 11-foot micro car will
seat three with two rear-seat passengers behind
the driver. "The P-NUT concept explores the
packaging and design potential for a vehicle designed
for the city lifestyle." Said Dave Marek, a Honda
design spokesman.
                                E                                      F
                     Israel Company
     Is it possible that annoying rush hour traffic
could become a source of renewable energy?
     Israel's Technion Institute of Technology
claims that if we placed special generator (发电
机) under roads, railways, and runways-we
could harvest enough energy to mass-produce
electricity. A trial process has been used on a
smaller scale, in dance clubs for instance, where
the pounding feet of dancers light up the floor.
     "We can produce electricity anywhere there
is a busy road using energy that normally goes
to waste," said Uri Amit, chairman of Israel's
Technion Institute of Technology.
                                  Coffee
     Coffee. Some of us can't start our day without
it, and we don't mind waiting 10 minutes in line for
it.
     Here is the most effective tip to make you a
superstar in environment protection.
     Get a coffee machine for your home or coffee,
or persuade your company into buying one. (Tell
them it will improve productivity.) Skip the coffee
line on the way to work and make something that
is better-tasting and much better for your wallet.
     Plus, you won't need those plastic cups or
carrying cases that just get thrown away. Better yet,
use your favorite travel mug.
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