问题 完形填空

Section C
Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not nee
A.Choose a limited subject
B.Draw in black and white
C.Use only simple actions
D.Use words sparingly
AB.Revise and simplify
AC.Create easy-to-recognize characters
 
76.
Consider straightforward, uncomplicated actions for you characters. While the actions may be symbolic, such as pumping up for a business deal, it should be clear what the character in the drawing is doing
 
77.
Aim your satire at targets that can be “summarized” in a few easily recognized images, You might choose a single person, such as a rock star, or a group or institution—such as business people, a nation, Congress, or basketball players, Labels or dialogue can help identify characters, but remember that the less “work” your audience has to do, the more effective your cartoon will be .
 
78.
While brief, simple dialogue may be necessary to get your point across, make sure it’s easy to understand and doesn’t take up much room. If you rely too heavily on dialogue, you are really creating an illustrated story or play instead of a cartoon. Labels and captions, too, should be minimal and easy to understand.
 
79.
Consider subjects that are familiar to your audience and that can be encapsulated in a few words and images. Try characters actions, or ideas that become laughable with only a little exaggeration or an unlikely comparison.
 
76.
Eliminate all that is extraneous and reword your cartoon until its impact is as immediate as possible. In fashion circle, there is a saying: less is more which can be applied to creating a cartoon.
答案

76---80   CFADE  

单项选择题
单项选择题

【真题试题】 (2010年案例分析第二大题,第75~78题)  甲钢铁总厂是一家老企业。1990年,该厂与其他钢铁企业一样,面临内部成本上升、外部市场疲软的双重压力,经济效益大面积滑坡,当时生产的产品28个品种有26个亏损。虽然总厂亏损已经到了难以为继的状况,可是各个分厂报表中的所有产品却反映盈利,因此工人和干部的奖会照发,一点也感受不到市场的压力和总厂亏损的困难。造成这种现象的主要原因是当时该厂采用“计划价格”来进行厂内核算,这个价格严重背离了市场,依据这个价格进行的核算反映不出产品的实际成本和真实效率。从2001年开始,该厂开始推行以“模拟市场核算,实行成本否决”为核心的内部改革。在企业内部,原材料、产成品、半成甜等的计划价格一律按市场价格核算,改变过去从前向后逐道工序核定成本的传统做法,从产品在市场上被消费者接受的价格开始,从后向前测算出逐道工序的目标成本,然后层层分解落实到每一个员工,全厂最终形成一个目标成本网络体系。此项改革,强化了企业内部管理,企业的经济效益大幅度提高,市场竞争力大大增强。  甲钢铁总厂的目标成本管理的具体做法是:  1.以市场可以接受的产品价格为基础,提出目标利润;然后据此倒算ffJ企业必须控制的成本,即目标成本。  2.将相应的目标成本和日标利润在全厂范围内层层分解到分厂、车间、工段、班组直到个人,以此作为各级的工作目标和总厂对各级进行考核奖惩的依据。真正形成了“市场重担众人挑,人人肩上有指标”的责任体系。  3.实行“成本否决”的奖惩制度,即完不成成本指标,别的工作千得再好,也要否决全部奖金,以成本和效益作为分配和对干部业绩进行考评的标准。为了保证目标成本管理的实施,甲钢铁总厂还对管理体制进行了改革;一是精简机构,2001年至2005年,总,一和分厂的管理科室从503个减少到389个,管理人员占职工人数的比重从14%下降到12%;二是充实和加强财务、销售、计划、外经、预决算、审计等管理部门,进_步强化和理顺了管理职能;三是实现“卡两头、抓中间”的管理方法——这“两头”一头是严格控制进厂原料、燃料的价格、质量,另一头是把住产品的销售关,建立集体定价制度,确定最低销售价格:“抓中间”就是抓工序环节的管理,狠抓生产过程中的“跑、冒、滴、漏”。  通过推行和不断完善市场核算机制,甲钢铁总厂取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益:从2005年至2008年,该厂产量增加1倍,销售收入增加1.2倍,利税增加2倍,走出了一条主要靠内部挖潜、内部积累实现国有资产迅速增值的良性发展道路。

【真题试题】 (2010年案例分析第77题)甲钢铁总厂执行“成本否决”奖惩制度属于( )类型。

A.前馈控制

B.现场控制

C.反馈控制

D.成本控制