问题 综合

读世界三个国家跨区域调水示意图,完成下列问题。

(1)①为__________国家的________工程;②为________国家的调水工程;③为________国家的________工程。上述工程主要是解决________的问题。

(2)图①所示区域气候类型为_____________、图②所示区域气候类型为____________。图③所示区域_________气候显著。

(3)在图③所示的三条输水线路中,水质最好的是________线;投资成本最低的是________线。

(4)试分析跨区域调水对受水区生态环境带来的有利影响。

答案

(1)美国 北水南调 埃及(西水东调) 中国 南水北调 水资源空间分布不均

(2)地中海气候 热带沙漠气候 大陆性

(3)西线 东线

(4)增加受水区的水域,有利于水循环;增加地表水的补给和土壤含水量,形成局部湿润地区,改善受水区的气候;利于净化污水和空气;补偿调节河湖水量,保护濒危野生动植物;减少地下水的开采,有利于水土保持和防止地面沉降等。

本题考查世界地理。

(1)结合经纬度位置和重要地理事物的轮廓判断。

(2)根据区域的经纬度位置和海陆位置:①位于30°--40°的大陆西岸,故为地中海气候;②位于北回归线--30°N的大陆内部,为热带沙漠气候;③位于我国西北地区,为温带大陆性气候。

(3)考查我国的南水北调工程。由于西线从长江上游取水,水质最好,而东线可利用原京杭大运河,故工程量最少。

(3)对受水区的有利影响,主要是增加了水量,利于缓解地面下沉;遏制因缺水而导致的生态环境恶化;利于保护湿地;调节局部小气候等方面分析。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     One day, Bob took two of his friends into the mountains. They put up their tents (帐篷) and then rode

off to a forest to see the trees growing.

     In the afternoon, when they were about ten kilometers from their camp (营地), it started to snow. More

and more snow fell. Soon Bob could hardly see his hands before his face. He could not find the road. Bob

knew there were two roads. One road went to the camp, and the other went to his house.But all was white

snow. Everything was the same. How could he take his friends back to the camp?

     Bob had an idea. The horses! Let the horses take them back! But what would happen if the horses took

the road to his house? That would be a trip of thirty-five kilometers in such cold weather!

     It was getting late. They rode on and on. At last the horses stopped. Where were they? None of them

could tell. Bob looked around. What was that under the tree? It was one of their tents!

1. Bob and his two friends went to the forest to _____. [ ]

A. build their camp

B. find their way home

C. enjoy the mountains in the snow

D. watch the trees in the forest 

2. They could not find their way back because _____. [ ]

A. there was only one road to their camp

B. they couldn't decide which of the two roads led to their tents

C. there were no roads in the mountains at all

D. everything was covered by the white snow

3. It is clear that they wanted the horses to take them to _____. [ ]

A. John's house

B. the camp

C. the forest

D. the mountains

4. The horses stopped because _____. [ ]

A. it was getting late

B. they were tired after running for a long way

C. they knew that they had got to the camp

D. they had seen John's house

多项选择题