问题 综合

(28分)加拿大地广人稀,西南部地区地形复杂,欧肯那根河谷是世界著名的冰酒产地。根据加拿大西南部某地区示意图(下图),结合所学知识,完成问题。

(1)维多利亚所在地气候类型的特点是________;位于草原地区的梅迪辛哈特气候类型是_____。(6分)

(2)从温哥华到梅迪辛哈特,水平方向上自然景观主要表现为由森林到草原的变化,这体现了_______的地域分异规律,其主要影响因素是______。(4分)

(3)冰酒是由富含糖分的优质葡萄,成熟后在树上经自然冰冻,再采摘酿造而成。欧肯那根河谷是这种自然冰冻葡萄的产地,分析其自然原因。(10分)

(4)加拿大西南部地区历史上由于过度开垦与放牧,加上连年干旱,植被遭到破坏、土地资源退化。为应对这种危机,当地可能采取哪些措施?(8分)

答案

(1)全年温和多雨 温带大陆性气候

(2)经度地带性(由沿海到内地) 水分(海陆分布)

(3)地处河谷地区,热量充足;位于河谷,多河漫滩平原,地形平坦,灌溉水源充足;土壤肥沃;处于山脉背风坡,降水少,晴天多,昼夜温差大,有利于葡萄养分积累;地处中纬高山气候区,夜晚大气逆辐射弱,利于形成冰冻;地处高山河谷地区,葡萄病虫害较少。

(4)退耕还林还草,兴修水利设施;合理利用水资源;利用生物措施和工程措施构筑防护体系;合理利用水资源;调整不利于生态环境良性循环的土地利用结构,合理地安排农业、牧业的比重;采取分区轮作或轮收,限制载畜量,种植人工草场;发展节水农业,采用喷灌、滴管技术;封育沙漠化的弃耕地和退化草场,使植被恢复。

(1)维多利亚所在地位于纬度50°左右大陆西岸地区,属于温带海洋性气候,全年温和多雨,草原地区的梅迪辛哈特位于大陆内陆地区,山脉阻挡削弱了西风带来的水汽,降水少,属于温带大陆性气候。

(2)此问较简单,考查书上的基本结论,从温哥华到梅迪辛哈特,水平方向上自然景观主要表现为由森林到草原的变化,这体现了经度地带性地域分异规律,其主要影响因素是水分。

(3)此问难度较大,主要是对冰酒不了解,所以得认真理解题目的提示信息“冰酒是由富含糖分的优质葡萄,成熟后在树上经自然冰冻,再采摘酿造而成”来分析回答。

(4)此问相对简单些,可以参照必修3教材中我国西北地区荒漠化的治理措施,但注意不能全部照搬,还结合材料提示信息。

阅读理解

     Not long ago, many doctors in the West laughed at the suggestion that they might learn something

from traditional Asian systems of healing. Most of them thought that Asian herbal (药草的) medicine

and acupuncture(针灸) were believed in only by simple people who knew no better. Western doctors

relied mainly on chemical cures as the safest and surest way to treat illnesses. The scientific age of

antibiotics(抗生素), "miracle drugs" and heart transplants encouraged the public to that there must be

a pill for every illness. It was true that often the drug companies provided what the public wanted: a

speedy temporary cure and didnot remove the real cause of the illness. Moreover, some people actually

became ill through taking too much medicine.

     Many people in the West are now beginning to look for more natural cures for their illnesses and

often they turn to the ancient wisdom of the East. There are some doctors in Britain now who offer their

patients acupuncture treatment. Recently an Indian company which produces a natural medicine based

on the biba root has sold some to Germany. The World Health Organization(WHO) encourages

doctors not to rely too greatly on expensive Western medicines but to choose them carefully and use

also their traditional herbal cures.

     The mixture of Eastern and Western medicine has been practiced very successfully in China. China is

still the only country in the world where the traditional doctor using herbal medicine and acupuncture is

as respected as the Western-trained doctor. Through China all types of doctors are expected to work

together. Western-style doctors are required to take at least a one-year course in traditional medicine,

and the acupunctures must also study the basics of  western medicine. China's way of "having the best

of both worlds" has greatly impressed many visiting doctors from the West.

     Experts from the WHO have decided that the time has come to study herbal medicine very carefully

and to decide, by carefully controlled scientific experiments, what good these medicine might do. They

are especially interested in finding cures for illnesses which Western medicine has found "incurable". Six

WHO units have been set up in Hong Kong, Seoul, Sri Lanka, London and Chicago, and so far the

results have been encouraging.

1. What conclusion can we draw from the first paragraph?

A. Miracle drugs are born with science.

B. Chemical cures have got some side-effects if taken too much.

C. Chemical cures are better than Asian systems of healing because of its immediate response.

D. Drug companies are willing to meet the public demands.

2. What is the true reason for Western doctors to turn to the ancient wisdom of the East ?

A. Herbal medicine are less expensive.

B. Western medicines can't work very well in some areas.

C. China has already set a good example of combining Eastern and Western medicines.

D. All of the above.

3. What do you think a Chinese doctor should learn?

A. Chinese medicine only.            

B. Western medicine only.

C. Both with different emphasis.      

D. Both equally.

单项选择题