问题 单项选择题

在多年从事信息系统开发的经验基础上,某单位总结了几种典型信息系统项目生命周期模型最主要的特点,如下表所示,表中的第一列分别是()。

A.①瀑布模型②迭代模型③螺旋模型

B.①迭代模型②瀑布模型③螺旋模型

C.①螺旋模型②瀑布模型③迭代模型

D.①螺旋模型②迭代模型③瀑布模型

答案

参考答案:C

解析:

典型的信息系统生命周期模型包括瀑布模型、迭代模型、螺旋模型等。

瀑布模型是一个经典的软件生命周期模型。瀑布模型中每项开发活动具有以下特点:

(1)从上一项开发活动接受该项活动的工作对象为输入;

(2)利用这一输入,实施该项活动应完成的工作内容;

(3)给出该项活动的工作成果,作为输出给下一项开发活动;

(4)对该项活动的实施工作成果进行评审,若其工作成果得到确认,则继续进行下一项开发活动;否则返回前一项,甚至更前项。

在螺旋模型中,软件开发是一系列的增量发布。在早期的迭代中,发布的增量可能是一个纸上的模型或原型;在以后的迭代中,被开发系统更加完善的版本逐步产生。螺旋模型强调了风险分析,特别适用于庞大而复杂的、高风险的系统。

在大多数传统的生命周期中,阶段是以其中的主要活动命名的:需求分析、设计、编码、测试。传统的软件开发工作大部分强调一个序列化过程,其中一个活动需要在另一个开始之前完成。在迭代式的过程中,每个阶段都包括不同比例的所有活动。

综上所述,正确答案应选C。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     I know what you're thinking: pizza (比萨饼)? For breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last

night's leftovers in the a.m. if you want to.

     I know lots of women who skip breakfast (不吃早饭), and they have a ton of different excuses for

doing it. Some say they don't have time, others think they're "saying" calories (卡路里), still others just

don't like breakfast food.

     But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when you're trying to lose weight.

"Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all," says Katherine

Brooking, R.D., who developed the super-easy eating plan for this year's "SELF CHALLENGE". And

even pizza can be healthy if it's loaded with vegetables, and you stick to one small piece.

     Breakfast is one meal I never miss, and the same goes for most weight loss success stories. Research

shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day. Researchers at the University of

Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who

regularly have a morning meal.

     So eat something in the morning, anything. I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast

altogether, and have just coffee or orange juice. I say, try heating up last night's leftovers-it may sound

crazy, but if it works for you, do it! I find if I tell myself, "You can always eat it tomorrow." I put away

the leftovers instead of eating more that night. Try it … you may save yourself some pre-bedtime calories.

And watch your body gain the fat-burning effects.

1. The word "leftovers" in paragraph I probably means _____.

A. food remaining after a meal

B. things left undone

C. meals made of vegetables

D. pizza topped with fruit

2. What can we infer from the text?

A. Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry.

B. Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast.

C. There are some easy ways of cooking a meal.

D. Eating vegetables helps save energy.

3. According to the last paragraph, it is important to ______.

A. eat something for breakfast

B. be careful about what you cat

C. heat up food before eating it

D. cat calorie-controlled food

4. The text is written mainly for those ______.

A. who go to work early

B. who want to lose weight

C. who stay up late

D. who eat before sleep

单项选择题 案例分析题