问题 选择题

爱因斯坦相对论的提出,是物理学思想的一场重大革命。因为它    (   )

A.否定了牛顿的力学理论

B.借鉴了法国科学家拉瓦锡的学说

C.揭示了时间、空间并非绝对不变的属性

D.修正了能量、质量互相转化的理论

答案

答案:C

题目分析:19世纪末,由于电磁学方面一系列的新发现、新实验同经典力学理论发生矛盾,物理学出现了危机。爱因斯坦创立相对论以解决这一危机,从而揭示了空间、时间、物质、运动之间的本质上的统一性。相对论把牛顿力学理论作为一种特殊情况(当运动速度远比光速低的时候)概括在内。故选C。A项说法不准确;BD项说法错误,没有说出主要的贡献。

点评:解答此题的关键在于对爱因斯坦的相对论有所了解,知道是研究空间相对性问题的。与此相关的知识点如量子理论也是现代科学的支柱之一也需要了解。

阅读理解

Cleveland has won the distinction of being the worst city in the United States, according to a new survey. The city has high unemployment, terrible weather, heavy taxes, and ordinary sports teams, all of which have pushed it to the No. 1 position in the Forbes.com list.

"Cleveland was the only city that fell in the bottom half of rankings in all nine categories. And it has been entitled with a less than endearing nickname: the Mistake by the lake," Forbes said on its website,

The economic downturn hit cities across the United States last year particularly in the mid-west section of the country. Crime and unemployment secured the No. 2 spot for Stockton, which held the top position in last year's ranking. Memphis got third place thanks to its violent crime rate and the number of officials who are guilty, while the poor auto industry drove the Michigan cities of Detroit and Flint into the top five.

"A lot of the cities that showed up on our list are going through hard times fight now, dealing with high unemployment, with declining producing bases. Many have experienced strong movement out of the city over the last 20 and 30 years."

Despite (尽管) its fine weather, Miami scored in the bottom 10 percent in commuting (上下班往返) time, and violent crime which sent it into sixth place.

"One of the biggest surprises is Miami. The good weather and no state income taxes blur some of the severe problems that Miami has related to crime as well as long commutes," Badenhausen added.

Florida was followed in the poor ranking by St Louis, Buffalo, Canton, Ohio and Chicago, which has the country's highest sales tax at 10.25 percent. New York, the nation's biggest city, is rich in culture but its lengthy commuting time and high income taxes pushed it into 16th place.

小题1:From the text we can learn that ______.

A.Cleveland has been entitled a lovely nickname

B.the economic downturn hit cities in the mid-east section

C.Miami scored in the bottom 10 percent in all nine categories

D.commuting time in New York is too long小题2:What information can be inferred according to the text?

A.The number of officials who are guilty is large in Memphis.

B.Stockton got second place in last year's ranking.

C.High income taxes made New York get 16th place.

D.Ohio has the country's highest sales tax.小题3:The word "blur" underlined in the last paragraph but one probably means ______.

A.make it possible

B.make it unclear

C.make if obvious

D.make it important小题4:Which of the following is the correct ranking order?

A.Cleveland, Detroit, Miami, Buffalo, Florida.

B.Stockton, Miami, Flint, Florida, Canton.

C.Cleveland, Stockton, Miami, Chicago, Florida.

D.Stockton, Detroit, Miami, Florida, St Louis.

判断题