问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下文,完成小题(12分)

刘南垣开喻门生

国朝尚书刘南垣公,请老家居.有直指使者,以饮食苛求属吏,郡县患之.公曰:“此吾门生,当开谕之。”俟其来,款之,曰:“老夫欲设席,恐妨公务,特留此一饭。但老妻他往,无人治具,家常便饭能对食乎。”直指以师命,不敢辞。自朝过午,饭尚未出,直指饥甚。比食至,唯脱粟饭,豆腐一器而已。各食三碗,直指觉过饱.少顷,佳肴美酝,罗列盈前,不能下箸。公强之,对曰:“已饱甚,不能也。”公笑曰:“可见饮馔原无精粗,饥时易为食,饱时难为味,时使然耳。”直指喻其训,后不敢以盘餐责人。

【注释】①国朝:指明朝。②老:告老。③直指使者:官名,亦称直指。④治具:下厨房,烧饭。⑤脱粟饭:即糙米饭。⑥饮馔:指酒肴。⑦盘飧:盘中之食物,亦称盘餐;在此引申为饮食。

小题1:.解释下列划线的词语(4分)

(1)食至(       )                   (2)罗列前(        )

小题2:.用现代汉语翻译下面的句子,注意文中的加点字的含义(3分)

(1)直指以师命,不敢辞

小题3:.直指面对“佳肴美酝”“不能下箸”的原因是                   。(用自己的话回答,2分)

小题4:.从本文中你得到的启示是                                  。(3分)

答案

小题1:(1)等到(2分)(2)满(2分)

小题1:直指因为是老师说的话,不敢推辞。(3分)

小题1:直指已经用三碗糙米饭填饱了肚子,即使再美味的食物也吃不下了。(2分)。

小题1:给别人提意见,要讲究方法,使他人心服口服。或者:待人要宽厚,不要在小事上苛责于人。(3分)

小题1:(1)比,古今词义差别较大,联系上下文,可以推断:等到。(2) 罗列前,和现代文中:热泪盈眶中“盈”意思相同解释为:满。

小题1:翻译文言文以直译为主。以:因为。直指因为是老师说的话,不敢推辞。

小题1:联系前文“各食三碗,直指觉过饱”了解到直指已经用三碗糙米饭填饱了肚子,即使再美味的食物也吃不下了。(2分)。

小题1:答案不唯一,联系文意,言之有理即可。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Imagine one day the water taps (水龙头) in your house stop running. You have to pay a lot of money.

to buy water from shops. And still there isn't enough water for everyone. Your mother has to save the

family's shower water to use for washing clothes. Would you be able to stand that kind of life?

     Probably not. But that is what kids in Yemen (也门) are experiencing (经历). According to a report,

the capital, Sana, will run out of drinking water as early as 2025.

     Because of the water shortage (短缺), the Yemen government often cuts the water supply (供应).

Hannan, an 18-year-girl, tells the Teens, "In a good week we'll have a water supply all week. But then

the next week there will be water only for a day or two."

     Hannan says only rich people have enough water to use. They can buy water from the shops or from

the water trucks. Private (私人的) companies own the trucks, They travel around the city every day to

sell water — at very high prices.

     "A lot of people can't pay for it," she says.

     The government is thinking of making use of seawater. But it will cost a lot and it may not happen

soon enough to help the people of Yemen.

1. How old is Hannan?

A. She is eight.

B. She is eighteen.

C. She is seventeen.

D. She is seven.

2. The underlined word "that" means _____.

A. buying water from shops

B. having enough drinking water

C. suffering (忍受) from water shortage

D. washing clothes with used water

3. From the passage, we know that _____.

A. the people of Yemen don't have to worry about water

B. people in Yemen have no water to use during a bad week

C. Sanna will have no drinking water in 10 years

D. private companies make much money by selling water

4. The Yemen government _____.

A. may try to make use of seawater

B. does nothing about the water problem

C. only cares about rich people's lives

D. may solve the problem soon

5. The writer wants to tell us _____.

A. not to use seawater

B. not to waste water

C. to drink less water

D. to sell water to Yemen

判断题