问题 问答题 简答题

简述席勒“素朴诗”与“感伤诗”的区别

答案

参考答案:

席勒认为两者的区别在于:

第一,从起源看,“素朴的诗”源于诗人同自然的和谐一致;“感伤的诗”则源于诗人同自然的对立。

第二,从历史演变看,“素朴的诗”是古代诗的形式;“感伤的诗”是近代诗的形式。

第三,从内容看,“素朴的诗”是“模仿自然的诗”,即重在再现客观的自然;“感伤的诗”是“表现主观理念的诗”,即侧重于描绘诗人对自然的主观感受以及在心灵中引起的情感。

第四,从创作特征看,“素朴的诗”是自然的恩赐,与思考无干;而“感伤的诗”则借助思考,努力使带有缺陷的对象完善起来。

第五,从产生的效果来看,由于“素朴的诗”侧重于对客观现实的模仿,诗人与自然之间处于单一和谐的状态,因而作品也是叫人愉快的、纯洁的与平静的;而“感伤的诗”则由于侧重于对主观观念的表现,诗人时常处于感觉与印象的冲突之中,因而作品也往往唤起人们严肃、紧张、复杂的感情。换一个角度看,“素朴的诗”是生活的儿子,故而能够引导读者回到生活中去;“感伤的诗”是隐遁和静寂的产物,故而又招引读者求取隐遁和静寂。

第六,从诗人与自然的关系来看,由于素朴的诗人热衷于对感性现实的模仿,因而总以愉快的态度面对现实;而感伤诗人则因迷恋于现实难以充填起来的超现实的观念,因而总是对现实生活感到厌倦。

完形填空
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
I ran into a stranger as he passed by. “I’m so sorry!” was my     . Then he said, “Excuse me too ... I didn’t even      you.” We were very    , the stranger and I. Then we went on our ways after saying     .
But at home, a different      is told. How we treat our      ones, the young and the old. Later, in the kitchen, as I cooked our supper, my      entered, very still. When I turned, I nearly knocked her down. “Get out of the way!” I      at her. She left, with her little heart broken. I didn’t      how hard I’d spoken.
That     , as I lay awake in bed, God’s quiet voice      to me and said, “While with strangers, you are polite,      with those you love, you didn’t do it properly. Go and look right now on the      floor, you’ll find some flowers there by the door. Those are the flowers she    __  for you. She picked them herself—pink, yellow and blue.”
By this time, I felt      and small and now my own      fell. I quietly went to her bed, “     up, my dear daughter.” I said. “Are these the flowers you picked for me?” She smiled, “I found them on the tree. I knew you’d like them,      the blue.” I said, “I’m so   __  that I missed them today ... And I shouldn’t have shouted at you that way.” She whispered(低声说), “Mommy, that’s okay. I still      you anyway.” I hugged her and said, “I love you too and love your flowers, especially the blue.”
小题1:
A.ruleB.replyC.stepD.truth
小题2:
A.seeB.tellC.getD.take
小题3:
A.nervousB.alikeC.politeD.confident
小题4:
A.welcomeB.thanksC.helloD.good-bye
小题5:
A.storyB.messageC.noticeD.activity
小题6:
A.crazyB.lovedC.blindD.brave
小题7:
A.motherB.husbandC.daughterD.son
小题8:
A.smiledB.lookedC.shotD.shouted
小题9:
A.lieB.careC.attackD.realize
小题10:
A.noonB.afternoonC.eveningD.night
小题11:
A.lookedB.pointedC.spokeD.listened
小题12:
A.whenB.butC.unlessD.besides
小题13:
A.kitchenB.bedroomC.dinning-roomD.library
小题14:
A.broughtB.boughtC.stoleD.paid
小题15:
A.excitedB.sadC.happyD.great
小题16:
A.legB.headC.tearsD.feelings
小题17:
A.LookB.EndC.DressD.Wake
小题18:
A.especiallyB.speciallyC.exceptD.except for
小题19:
A.braveB.lazyC.sorryD.excited
小题20:
A.hateB.loveC.missD.beat
单项选择题