问题 名词解释

文以明道

答案

参考答案:

(1)“文以明道”是韩愈提出的古文运动的主要理论,最早是在《争臣论》一文中提出的。

(2)文以明道理论的主要含义是:学习古文的目的是为了学习古道。文是手段,是形式;道是目的,是内容。韩愈所谓道是以孔孟为正统的儒家思想体系,带有明显的伦理色彩。

(3)韩愈虽本于道,但并不轻视文,他主张“用文尚能”,把重道与尚文结合起来,并对散文的艺术形式作了多方面的探讨。

(4)韩愈的文以明道理论在当时的历史条件下具有积极意义,对于恢复儒家的正统地位,维护唐王朝的统一,具有一定的现实内容。

(5)韩愈这一理论有力地冲击了骈体文,他要求恢复和发扬三代、秦汉文章重视思想性和社会性的优良传统,用自由流畅的文学语言和单句散行的新型文体去代替骈体文,并在理论和实践上完成了文体和语言的革新。

(6)这一理论也有局限性,它过分强调了文学的政治性,而忽略了它的现实性,忽略了文学反映现实的功能。

单项选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解

     Nine out of 10 New Zealanders rate their quality of life as good or better, according to a new survey

published on Monday.

     Researchers for the third national Quality of Life survey spoke to 500 people in each of the 12 main

centers and 2,000 people in the rest of the country.

     In the cities, 87 percent of residents said their overall health was good or better and 86 percent of

people said they had enough money to cover living costs.

     Nine out of 10 people said they felt safe in their homes, but people were concerned about vandalism(恶意破坏), car theft and dangerous driving .

     Only 11 percent of people nationwide said they felt safe in their city center at night for reasons

including the perception of dangerous people in the area, media coverage of crime and alcohol and drug

problems in the central city.

     People in Wellington and the North Shore felt safest, while Christchurch had the highest number of

people who felt unsafe.

     Wellingtonians were the most proud of their city, 82 percent, while the least proud were people in

Manuka, 43 percent, and Auckland, 51 percent.

     Wellingtonians thought they had the best quality of life at 94.9 percent, followed by Dunedin at 94.2

percent and Christchurch at 93.1 percent.

     The survey found 59 percent of people in the cities felt people from different cultures made their city a

better place to live.

     The 12 participating councils were North Shore, Waitakere, Auckland, Manukau, Rodney, Hamilton, Tauranga, Wellington, Porirua, Hutt Christchurch and Dunedin.

     The survey was funded by the councils and the Ministry of Social Development.

1. What is the best title of the passage?

A. Research shows New Zealanders are happier than Americans.

B. The third national Quality of Life survey shows its research.

C. New Zealanders have good quality of life in the world.

D. A new survey was published on Monday.

2. Which if the following city is thought to be the least safe?

A. Wellington.

B. the North Shore.

C. Dunedin.

D. Christchurch.

3. The underlined word "coverage" in the fifth paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.

A. report.

B. protection.

C. shelter.

D. consistence.

4. How is the passage organized?

A. with example.

B. with figures.

C. with facts.

D. with ideas.

5. Which of the following would be NOT true according to the passage?

A. New Zealanders are satisfied with their life.

B. The survey was supported by the councils in money.

C. Less than half of the people lie their good life in different cultures.

D. The Wellingtonians were the most proud of their city.