问题 问答题 论述题

试述如何达成良好的师生关系。

答案

参考答案:

达成良好师生关系的基本做法是: 

(1)消除幼儿对教师的恐惧。幼儿在刚刚进入幼儿园时,对陌生的环境与陌生的人会有一种恐惧感。因此,教师要以亲切的面部表情,和蔼可亲的语气同幼儿进行交谈。而且对于新人园的幼儿要尽力帮忙让他们熟悉幼儿园。教师一方面要采取宽容的态度,另一方面还要以自己的常识满足幼儿的好奇心。因为儿童往往对于有常识的教师特别有好感。 

(2)让幼儿学会如何尊重他人。中小班幼儿往往因为发展的不成熟,对于友谊的界线并不十分清楚,有些幼儿更是把和蔼可亲与软弱可欺混为一谈。面对这一情况,教师不要以硬克硬,而是要让幼儿首先分清这两个词的内在含义,而且还要幼儿对自己的言行负起必要的责任。

(3)与儿童共同制定良好师生关系的基本原则。教师与幼儿要做到相互尊重、相互爱护、相互支持。因为这才是我们所希望的良好师生关系。在实现良好的师生关系方面的“主要责任者”是教师、保育员与幼儿,但也包括幼儿园中的每一个人。这些人都必须具有健全的人格、良好的身体,而且还要具有正确的“爱”的精神。

只有所有的幼儿教育工作者团结起来,保教结合、协调一致,才能使儿童身心得到和谐健康的发展。

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
单项选择题

Summerhill began as an experimental school, It is no longer such; it is now a demonstration school, for it demonstrates that freedom works.
When my first wife and I began the school, we had one main idea: to make the school fit the child-instead of making the child fit the school. I had this idea because I had taught in ordinary schools for many years. I knew the other way well. I knew it was all wrong. It was wrong because it was based on an adult conception of what a child should be and of how a child should learn. The other way dated from the days when psychology was still and unknown science.
Well, we set out to make a school in which we should allow children freedom to be themselves. In order to do this, we had to renounce all discipline, all direction, all suggestion, all moral training, all religious instruction. We have been called brave, but it did not require courage. All it required was what we had-a complete belief in the child as a good, not an evil, being. For almost forty years, this belief in the goodness of the child has never wavered; it rather has become a final faith.
My view is that a child is innately wise and realistic. If left to himself without adult suggestion of any kind, he will develop as far as he is capable of developing. But, what is Summerhill like Well, for one thing, lessons are optional. Children can go to them to stay away from them-for years if they want to. There is a timetable-but only for the teachers.
The children have classes usually according to their age, but sometimes according to their interests. We have no new methods of teaching, because we do not consider that teaching in itself matters very much. Whether a school has or has not a special method for teaching long division is of no significance, for long division is of no importance except to those who want to learn it. And the child who wants to learn long division will learn it no matter how taught.
Children who come to Summerhill as kindergarteners attend lessons from the beginning of their stay; but pupil from other schools vow that they will never attend any beastly lessons again at any time. They play and cycle and get in people’s way, but they fight shy of lessons. This sometimes goes on for months. They recovery time is proportionate to the hatred their last school gave them. Our record case was a girl from a convent. She loafed for three years. The average period of recovery from lesson aversion is three mouths.
Summerhill is probably the happiest school in the world. We have no truants and seldom a case of homesickness. We very rarely have fights-quarrels, of course. I have seldom seen a stand-up fight like the ones we used to have as boys. I seldom hear a child cry, because children when free have much less hate to express than children who are downtrodden. Hate breeds hate, and love breads love. Love means approving of children, and that is essential in any school. You can’t be on the side of children if you punish them and storm at them. Summerhill is a school in which the child knows what he is approved of.

Summerhill, according to the passage, is

A.a discipline-centered school.

B.an instruction-centered school.

C.a teacher-centered school.

D.a students-centered school.