问题 计算题

如图所示为交流发电机示意图,匝数为n=100匝的矩形线圈,边长分别为 10 cm和20 cm,内阻为 5Ω,在磁感应强度B="0.5" T的匀强磁场中绕OO′轴以50 rad/s的角速度匀速转动,转动开始时线圈平面与磁场方向平行,线圈通过电刷和外部 20Ω的电阻R相接.求电键S合上后,

(1)写出线圈内产生的交变电动势瞬时值的表达式

(2)电压表和电流表示数;

(3)电阻R上所消耗的电功率是多少?

(4)如保持转子匀速转动,外力每分钟需要对转子所做的功;

(5)从计时开始,线圈转过的过程中,通过外电阻R的电量;

答案

(1)50cos50tV(2)40V  2.0 A(3)80 W(4)6.0×103J(5)3.5×10-2c

题目分析:(1)感应电动势最大值

Em=nBSω =100×0.5×0.1×0.2×50 V=50 V    (2分)

故交变电动势瞬时值的表达式为

e= Em cosωt =50cos50t V                   (3分)

(2)感应电动势有效值     E=="50" V.                   (1分)

电键S合上后,由闭合电路欧姆定律

I= A="2.0" A,                         (1分)

U=IR=2×20 V="40" V.                              (1分)

即电流表示数为 2 A,电压表示数为 40 V。          (2分)

(3) 电阻R上所消耗的电功率 P=IU=2×40 W="80" W.     (2分)

(4)  W="Q" =I2(R+r) t=22×(20+5) ×60J=6.0×103J       (4分)

(5)  q=n△φ/(R+r)= nBS sin / (R+r)             (3分)

代入数据,解得 q= 3.5×10-2c                    (1分)

点评:此题首先要能够求出闭合线圈在匀强磁场中匀速转动时产生的感应电动势的表达式,产生电动式的线圈相当于电源,从而传化为电路的问题,在解题过程中一定要注意,电压表和电流表的示数为有效值,电阻消耗的功率要用有效值去求解.

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     New rules and behavior standards for middle school students came out in March. Middle school is

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     Tell the truth. Have you ever copied someone else's work on an exam? Don't do it again! That is not

something an honest student should do. If you've played computer games for two hours in your room,

do not tell your parents you have done homework.

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month in China. Are your schoolmates doing anything to celebrate? Join in it! In this way, you can learn

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others, not only yourself.

      Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Maybe you'll

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      Protect yourself. Has someone ever taken money from one of your classmates? Don't let it happen

to you. If you have to go home late, you should take care of yourself and let your parents know.

      Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very useful for your studies. But some things on

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for fun or homework. Can't you find any good Web sites for children? Here are some: http:// kids.

east day.com; http:// www.chinakids.net.com.

1. The school new rules will help kids by telling them _____. [ ]

A. how they can study well  

B. what they should do only at school

C. what is right and what is wrong 

D. how they can protect themselves

2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? [ ]

A. Take care of yourself when you are out.

B. Tell the truth, even when you are wrong.

C. Keep some animals to protect them.

D. Use the Internet, but keep away from bad things.

3. The main idea of the fourth paragraph is about _____. [ ]

A. making the team stronger     

B. working together each others

C. learning from each other     

D. being strict with others

4. Good Web sites for children can _____. [ ]

A. be a waste of time       

B. help them with their studies

C. do homework for them     

D. make their life easier

5. The passage tells us how to _____. [ ]

A. be top students      

B. do more at school

C. care for others    

D. use the Internet

单项选择题