问题 问答题 论述题

费尔巴哈不满意抽象的思维而诉诸感性的直观;但是他把感性不是看作实践的、人的感性的活动。(理解说明题)

答案

参考答案:

(1)理论脱离实践,从抽象思维到抽象思维,空洞无物,是一切思辨哲学根本的弊端。(5分)(2)费尔巴哈不满意抽象的思维而诉诸感性的直观,有其合理的一面,但他理解的感性并非人的感性实践活动。他仍然是脱离实践来理解人的感性和直观,这实际上是把人的感性降低为动物的感性本能活动,而不是在社会实践基础上上升为抽象思维和理性认识——从而有着理性指导的人的现实的感性。这种感性实际上仍然只是费尔巴哈仅凭头脑想象的观念的感性或动物式的感性。(8分)(3)动物式的感性只能外在地直观所面对的对象,而不能通过社会实践内在地认识和改造对象,是根本谈不上能动地认识事物的本质并有效地指导实践、发挥其主观见之于客观的客观现实性力量的。这样,不仅人的思维的能动性被否定了,而且人的思维的客观真理性、现实性和其在实践中所表现出来的巨大精神力量也被统统否定了。(7分)

阅读理解

Dear Abby,

I am a very conservative woman. I don’t drink, dance, wear makeups or pants. I enjoy the company of friends despite(尽管)our differences and thought they enjoyed mine.

On our most recent outing, however, they laughed at my religious jewelry, commented on my “lack of fashion,” and made me feel guilty for not wanting to stay out late.

Despite this, they are great friends and would help me at the drop of a hat. I don’t bring up their being overweight, or that I think some of the clothes they wear are ugly. I don’t criticize them for sleeping around. I wish they would accept me for who I am.

I am considering not going out with them the next time they ask, but I don’t really want it to come to that. Any suggestions?

—Just an Old-Fashioned Girl

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Dear Old-Fashioned Girl,

Just this: It’s time for you to start cultivating relationships with people whose values are more like your own. The friends you have described may be lovely, but their comments were out of line and folks are known by the company they keep. If you spend a lot of time with the women you have described, people will begin to make assumptions(臆断) about you.

—Abby

小题1: The underlined word “conservative” is closest in meaning to ________.

A.beautiful

B.old-fashioned

C.overweight

D.ordinary-looking小题2: When did Old-fashioned Girl feel guilty?

A.When her friends stayed out late.

B.When she stayed out late with her friends.

C.When she refused her friends’ request to stay out late.

D.When her friends refused her to stay out late with them.小题3: Which of the following could Old-fashioned Girl most possibly agree to?

A.It is easier to forgive an enemy than to forgive a friend.

B.Only your real friends will tell you when your face is dirty.

C.The friend is the one who knows all about you, and still likes you.

D.True friendship comes when silence between two people is comfortable.小题4: According to Abby, it’s a good idea for Old-fashioned Girl to ________.

A.talk with her friends

B.understand her friends

C.forgive her friends

D.break up with her friends

问答题

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