问题 实验题

在探究压力的作用效果与哪些因素有关时,某同学做了如图所示的三个实验,通过观察三次实验时泡沫塑料      ,显示压力作用的效果.比较      两图所示实验,说明受力面积相同时,压力越大,压力作用效果越明显;比较     两图所示实验,说明压力相同时,受力面积越小,压力作用效果越明显.表示压力的作用效果的物理量是   ,计算公式是    ,本实验采用的方法有                

答案

形变程度;a、c;a、b;压强;P=;控制变量法.

题目分析:压力的作用效果通过泡沫塑料的凹陷程度来反映,凹陷程度越大,压力作用效果越大.压力作用效果跟压力大小和受力面积的大小有关.在压力一定时,受力面积越小,压力作用效果越大;在受力面积一定时,压力越大,压力作用效果越大.

解:(1)力的作用效果之一是使物体发生形变,力越大,力的作用效果越明显,物体的形变就越大.实验时,小桌是压在泡沫塑料上,通过泡沫塑料的被压下的深浅程度或形变程度来表示压力作用效果的.

(2)探究压力作用效果大小跟压力大小的关系时,保持受力面积不变,改变压力的大小,观察泡沫的凹陷深浅和压力大小的关系,实验a、c说明受力面积一定时,压力越大,压力的作用效果越大.

(3)探究压力作用效果大小跟受力面积大小的关系时,保持压力大小不变,改变受力面积的大小,观察泡沫的凹陷深浅和受力面积大小的关系,实验a、b说明压力一定时,受力面积越小,压力的作用效果越大.

(3)可以用压强表示压力的作用效果,计算公式是P=,本实验采用的方法有控制变量法.

故答案:形变程度;a、c;a、b;压强;P=;控制变量法.

点评:此题是探究压力作用效果和什么因素有关的实验,考查的是我们对于实验现象的分析能力.还要掌握物理学用压强表示压力作用效果.掌握压强大小的影响因素,掌握增大和减小压强的方法.

阅读理解
(1)
Books                                  Contents

Leo the Snow Leopard
By Craig Hatkoff
It was written by the best story-teller. The  story is about Leo, a young snow leopard(雪豹) that was helped by a kind man in the snowy mountains in Pakistan. Snow leopards are in danger. Leo was just two months old when he was
found and he could not live in the wild on his  own.

Where Do Recyclable
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chasing after a recycling truck, she decides to learn  a lot more about recycling! Following Tiana,
readers will learn how to take care of the environment.

The Scrap Kins Build
By Brian Yanish
Meet the Scrap Kins. They are friendly monsters. In the book, they’ll show you how to turn rubbish into some pretty cool things. Readers will learn how to make toy planes from plates,
bags, old clothes and more. You know what they say: One person’s rubbish is another person’s love.

Explore( 探索) Life
Cycles ! By Kathleen
M. Reilly
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小题1:How old was Leo when he was found?
A.Four months old.B.Two years old.
C.Three months old.D.Two months old.
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like to read______.
A.Leo the Snow LeopardB.The Scrap Kins Build
C.Where Do Recyclable Materials Go?
D.Explore Life Cycles!
小题3:The four books are all about______.
A.nature and the environment
B.monstersC.animalsD.plants
填空题