问题 阅读理解与欣赏

将文言文中画线的句子译成现代汉语。(4分)

①孙策卒,孙权姊婿见而异之,荐之于权。

②虞翻以狂直流徙,惟瑾屡为之说。

答案

①正碰上孙策去世,孙权的姐夫见到他认为不同于常人,将他推荐给孙权。

②虞翻因为狂放直率而被流放,只有诸葛瑾多次替他说情。

题目分析:注意得分点:①“异”意动用法,认为……不同于常人;“荐之于权”介词结构后置。②“以”因为;“流徙”被动,被流放。

点评:在翻译句子之前,首先找准得分点,即重要实词、虚词、词类活用、通假字、特殊句式等,确保得分点准确无误,对于疑难字词要借助积累(课内文言知识、成语、语法结构、语境等),巧解难词难句,然后翻译时尽量直译,保持句意通顺。

参考译文:

诸葛瑾字子瑜,琅琊郡阳都县人。东汉末年逃避祸乱来到江东,正碰上孙策去世,孙权的姐夫见到他认为不同于常人,将他推荐给孙权。和鲁肃等人一起受到宾客的礼待,后来任孙权的长史,(又)改任中司马。建安二十年,孙权派诸葛瑾出使蜀国与刘备互通友好,(他)和弟弟诸葛亮都在公事相会(时才)见面,结束后(他们)从不私下会面。

诸葛瑾为人仪表堂堂、思虑有度,当时人们佩服他的宽宏高雅,孙权也很器重他,重大事情(都向他)征询。(他)和孙权交谈说话劝谏讽喻,未曾(有过)激烈直露(的言辞),(只是)略微显示风度神采,大体讲明意见要义,如果有不合(孙权心意的),就放弃(它)而去谈其他事情,慢慢地再借其他事情来引起先前的话题,用类似的事情来求得孙权理解,因此孙权的意见往往就不再坚持。吴郡太守朱治,是孙权提拔的将领,(孙权对他)一向十分尊敬。孙权曾因事对他有怨恨,却很难亲自诘难斥责,怀恨在心不能释怀。诸葛瑾揣摩明白了其中的缘故,但不敢公开说出来,于是在孙权面前写信,广泛地论说事物道理,借此用自己的想法来迂回揣测孙权的心意。写完后,把信交给孙权,孙权很高兴,笑着说:“我的思想解开了。颜渊的德行,使人更加亲近,难道(不是)说的这样的事情吗?”孙权又曾怪罪校尉殷模,给他定的罪名令人感到意外。众大臣很多人替殷模说情,孙权的愤怒更盛,和(众人)反复争辩,只有诸葛瑾默不作声,孙权说:“子瑜为什么独自不说话?”诸葛瑾离开坐席说:“我和殷模等人遭遇家乡动乱,百姓几乎死光了。(我们)放弃祖坟,扶老携幼,拨开野草,(前来)归依圣明的教化。在流亡的仆役中,蒙受着养育长生的幸福,(却)不能相互自我督促激励,(来)报答万分之一(的恩德),以致于使殷模辜负圣上的恩德,自己陷于罪恶之中。我认罪还来不及,实在不敢说什么。”孙权听了这些话很伤感,就说:“(我)特地为您赦免他。” 虞翻因为狂放直率而被流放,只有诸葛瑾多次替他说情。

刘备向东讨伐东吴,吴王求和,诸葛瑾给刘备写信说:“(我)听说大军来到白帝城,有人担心(您的)谋臣因为吴王侵夺了荆州,害死了关羽,怨恨很深祸害极大,(而)认为不应答应和解。这是着意于小处,没有考虑大处。(请让我)试着为陛下分析此事的轻重,以及它的大小。陛下如果能抑制威怒平息忿恨,暂且考虑我所说的,主意就能立定,不用再向群臣征询了。陛下认为和关羽的亲近程度能比得上同汉朝先帝的关系吗?荆州的大小能比得上整个天下吗?同样面对仇恨,哪个应在前,哪个应在后?如果能够权衡此中道理,(事情的解决)就易如反掌了。”当时有人说诸葛瑾另外派了亲信去给刘备通报消息,孙权说:“我和子瑜有生死不渝的誓言,子瑜不会辜负我,就像我不会辜负子瑜一样。”

选择题
完形填空
完形填空。
     There are many kinds of friends. Some are always   1   you, but don't understand you. Some say only
a few words to you, but understand you. Many people will step in your life, but only   2   friends leave
footprints (脚印).
     I shall always recall (回忆) the autumn and the girl with the   3  . She will always bring back the friendship
between us. I know she will always be my best friend.
     It was the golden season. I could see the yellow leaves   4   in the cool   5  . In such a season, I liked
walking alone in the leaves,   6   to the sound of them.
     Autumn is a   7   season but life is uninteresting. The free days always get me   8  . But one day, the sound
of a violin   9   into my ears like a stream (小溪) flowing in the mountains. I was so surprised that I jumped to
see what it was. A young girl, standing in the wind, was  10  in playing her violin.
     I had  11  seen her before. The music was so nice that I listened quietly. Lost in the music, I didn't know
that I had been  12  there for so long but my existence (存在) did not seem to disturb her.
     Leaves were still falling. Every day she played the violin in the corner of the building  13  I went downstairs
to watch her performance. I was the only listener. The autumn seemed no longer lonely and life became  14 .
  15  we didn't know each other, I thought we were already good friends. I believed she also loved me.
     Autumn was nearly over. One day, when I was listening carefully, the sound suddenly  16 . To my
astonishment (惊讶), the girl came over to me.
     "You must like the violin," she said.
     "Yes. And you play very well. Why did you stop?" I asked.
     Suddenly, a  17  expression appeared on her face and I could feel something unusual.
     "I came here to see my grandmother, but now I must leave. I once played very badly. It was your listening
every day that  18  me." she said.
     "In fact, it was your playing  19  gave me a meaningful autumn," I answered, "Let's be friends." The girl
smiled, and so did I.
     I never heard her play again in my life. I no longer went downstairs to listen like before. Only thick leaves
were left behind. But I will always remember the fine figure (身影) of the girl. She was like a  20  so short,
so bright, like a shooting star giving off so much light that it made the autumn beautiful.
( )1. A. with      
( )2. A. online    
( )3. A. sound     
( )4. A. shaking   
( )5. A. wind      
( )6. A. watching  
( )7. A. lively      
( )8. A. up        
( )9. A. flowed    
( )10. A. lost        
( )11. A. once      
( )12. A. waiting   
( )13. A. because   
( )14. A. interesting
( )15. A. But       
( )16. A. stopped   
( )17. A. happy     
( )18. A. surprised 
( )19. A. that      
( )20. A. song      
B. for       
B. true     
B. song    
B. hanging  
B. snow     
B. listening
B. lovely     
B. off      
B. grew      
B. active    
B. never  
B. stopping
B. so         
B. moving    
B. However    
B. began    
B. sad      
B. excited    
B. which   
B. dream    
C. against    
C. new        
C. play       
C. flying     
C. air          
C. seeing    
C. harvest      
C. down        
C. entered   
C. busy         
C. often       
C. standing    
C. when        
C. encouraging
C. Even       
C. gone         
C. strange    
C. encouraged    
C. it          
C. fire      
D. to            
D. old        
D. violin     
D. floating      
D. rain        
D. hearing    
D. lonely        
D. over         
D. ran        
D. interested                 
D. usually   
D. hearing       
D. but          
D. exciting     
D. Though       
D. changed      
D. surprised    
D. interested   
D. who        
D. sister