问题 实验题

(14分)实验室欲配制0.5 mol/L的NaOH溶液500 ml有以下仪器:①烧杯;②100 ml量筒;③100 ml容量瓶;④500 ml容量瓶;⑤玻璃棒;⑥托盘天平(带砝码)。

(1)配制时,必须使用的仪器有            (填代号),还缺少的仪器是        。该试验中两次用到玻璃棒,其作用分别是                                        

(2)使用容量瓶前必须进行的一步操作是        

(3)配制溶液时,一般可以分为以下几个步骤:①称量;②计算;③溶解;④摇匀;⑤转移;⑥洗涤;⑦定容;⑧冷却。其正确的操作顺序为                                 

(4)在配制过程中其他操作都正确的,下列操作会引起误差偏高的是            

①没有洗涤烧杯和玻璃棒 ②未等NaOH溶液冷却至室温就转移到容量中

③容量瓶不干燥,含有少量蒸馏水④定容时俯视标线 ⑤定容时仰视标线 

答案

(1)①④⑤⑥, 胶头滴管。加速溶解,引流 (2)检查是否漏液

(3)②①③⑧⑤⑥⑦④  (4)②④

(1)固体需要称量,不能量取;溶解需要烧杯和玻璃棒,配制需要相应规格的容量瓶,定容相应胶头滴管,所以需要的仪器是①④⑤⑥,还缺少胶头滴管;溶解时通过玻璃棒的搅拌加速溶解,转移液体时通过玻璃棒的作用是引流。

(2)使用容量瓶之前必须检验容量瓶是否漏液。

(3)根据配制的原理和实验过程可知,正确的操作顺序是②①③⑧⑤⑥⑦④。

(4)根据c=n/V可知,如果没有洗涤烧杯和玻璃棒,则溶质减少,浓度偏低;未冷却,则冷却后,容量瓶中溶液的体积减少,所以浓度偏高;容量瓶不干燥,含有少量蒸馏水,溶质和溶液体积不变化,浓度不变;定容时俯视标线,则容量瓶中溶液的体积减少,浓度偏高,反之仰视,浓度偏低,答案选②④。

单项选择题
完形填空
完型填空。
     Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating
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   5   notes which do not catch the main points and   6   become hard even for the   7   to understand.
      Most institutions provide courses which   8   new students to develop the skills they need to be   9  
 listeners and note-takers.   10   these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which  11  
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