问题 问答题 论述题

艾伦•退特的张力论是什么?

答案

参考答案:

①在退特之前,布鲁克斯曾提出诗的结构是各种张力作用的结果,而这些张力通过隐喻、象征和命题等手段建立起来的。退特对新批评派最重要的贡献就是对张力论的研究,张力论也成为后来新批评派最难把握但也是最重要的理论之一。

②退特认为诗歌语言中有两个经常在发挥作用的因素:内涵和外延,他从语义学的角度指出,外延指的是词的词典意义,而内涵则诗词的暗示意义及感情色彩等。诗歌的意义就是指它的张力,即我们在诗歌中所能发现的全部外展和内包的有机整体。张力是好诗的共同特点,在好诗中,内涵与外延同时并存,相互补充,最深远的比喻意义不会损害文字陈述的外延,他认为最好的张力诗就是玄学派诗歌。

③张力论被其它新批评派路论家扩展到诗歌的内容与形式、构架与肌质、韵律与技法等对立因素之间,成为细读法的有力手段。

阅读理解

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