问题 填空题

(13分)材料1:铁及其化合物在工农业、生活中有广泛的应用。高铁酸钾(K2FeO4)具有极强的氧化性,是一种优良的水处理剂。

(1)已知:4FeO42+10H2O4Fe(OH)3+8OH+3O2

K2FeO4在处理水的过程中所起的作用有                                    

(2)将适量K2FeO4溶解于pH=4.74的溶液中,配制成c(FeO42) =1.0 mmol·L1的试样,将试样分别置于20℃、30℃、40℃和60℃的恒温水浴中,测定c(FeO42)的变化,结果见图Ⅰ。该实验的目的是                                                ;发生反应的△H       0(填“>”、“<”或“=”)。

(3)FeO42在水溶液中的存在形态如图Ⅱ所示。下列说法正确的是        (填字母)。

A.不论溶液酸碱性如何变化,铁元素都有4种存在形态

B.向pH=10的这种溶液中加硫酸至pH=2,HFeO4的分布分数逐渐增大

C.向pH=6的这种溶液中加KOH溶液,发生反应的离子方程式为:

HFeO4+OH=FeO42+H2O

材料2:化合物KxFe(C2O4) y·zH2O(Fe为+3价)是一种光敏感材料,实验室可以用如下方法制备这种材料并测定其组成。

I.制备:

(4)结晶时应将饱和溶液在黑暗处等待晶体的析出,这样操作的原因是                                                        

(5)操作Ⅲ的名称是                                    

Ⅱ.组成测定:

称取0.491g实验所得晶体(假设是纯净物)置于锥形瓶中,加足量蒸馏水和稀H2SO4。将C2O42-完全转化为H2C2O4,用0.10mol·L-1KMnO4溶液进行滴定,消耗KMnO4溶液12.00mL时恰好反应;再加入适量的还原剂,将Fe3+完全转化为Fe2+,用KMnO4溶液继续滴定,当Fe2+完全氧化时,用去KMnO4溶液2.00mL。相关反应如下:

2KMnO4+5H2C2O4+3H2SO4=2MnSO4+K2SO4+10CO2↑+8H2O

MnO4-+5Fe2++8H+=Mn2++5Fe3++4H2O

(6)配制250mL 0.10mol·L-1KMnO4溶液及上述滴定实验中所需的玻璃仪器除烧杯、玻璃棒、胶头滴管、量筒、锥形瓶外还有                                。两个滴定中到达终点时溶液颜色为           色,且30秒内不变色。

(7)通过计算,求此光敏材料的化学式                              

答案

(共13分)

(1)杀菌消毒、吸附悬浮物(或其他合理答案)(各1分,共2分)

(2)探究温度对FeO42浓度的影响(或其他合理答案)(1分) >(1分)

(3)C(1分)

(4)黑暗可以防止晶体分解(1分)(5)过滤、洗涤(各1分,共2分)

(6)250mL容量瓶、酸式滴定管(2分) 紫红(1分) (7) K3Fe(C2O4)3·3H2O(2分)

(1)K2FeO4中的铁元素化合物高,有很强的氧化性具有杀菌的作用,又因水解可生成胶体,可吸附悬浮物,可用来净水。

(2)(3)均是通过图像收集信息,结合题意及知识的积累进行概念总结。起点高落点低。

(4)(5)(6)考查一些基本的实验操作

(7)MnO4-  +    5Fe2+  +   8H=  Mn2++5Fe3++4H2O

0.0002mol      0.001mol

2KMnO4      +     5H2C2O4+3H2SO4=2MnSO4+K2SO4+10CO2↑+8H2O

0.0012mol          0.003mol

故:可知化学式KxFe(C2O4) y·zH2O的y =3,由化合价进一步可知x=3

由0.491g减去KxFe(C2O4) y·的质量,可求出H2O 的质量为0.054g,即0.003mol

阅读理解

Whether I’m looking for a good chat with some old Mends or a quiet place to meet a colleague, the pub will be the place I always choose.

I could, of course, go to a bar. But a pub, I always find, is far more comfortable and has a more relaxed atmosphere.

Many people in the UK also have a favorite pub at the end of the road where they live or nearby to where they work. I can almost always guarantee that I’ll bump into someone I know at my “local”, as we British call our nearest pub.

In fact, many people from the UK say that the pub is a cornerstone (基础) of British life. Coming together over a drink, usually of beer, is generally con­sidered the best way to catch up with friends. For those who are a little reserved (内向的), as the British sometimes are, it’s the best way to open up and get chatting.

However, this habit is slowly changing among some British people. According to a survey completed in August by UK trade magazine The Publican, eating, rather than drinking, has become the main source of income for our 52,000 pubs.

The gastropub (美食酒吧), with its greater emphasis on food, is primarily responsible. All over the country, this more expensive type of pub has been springing up, providing a place for more formal meetings with business partners. Wine is often drunk instead of the traditional beer.

But not everyone’s happy. Many people hate the fact that some local pubs are closing because new gastropubs are proving more profitable. “Beer sales are sinking and many pubs are struggling to survive,” Rob Haward, of the British Beer and Pub Association, told UK newspaper The Daily Mail.

For my part, I’m going to do all I can to keep the local British pub alive. It will be the first place I visit when I go back home.

小题1:.  The article is mainly about         .

A.the British pub losing popularity

B.the author’s love of pubs

C.how the British socialize

D.the local British pub小题2:. Many British people say that the pub is a cornerstone of British life because         .

A.it is nearby and convenient

B.it is a great place for meeting friends

C.it is far more comfortable than a bar to have a drink

D.it is easy to bump into people they know in a pub ,小题3:. From the text, we can conclude that gastropubs         .

A.will replace the local pubs

B.attach more importance to drinks

C.are somewhere between a restaurant and a bar

D.attract beer lovers as well as wine lovers小题4:.  Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?

A.The author is in favor of gastropubs.

B.Wine is thought to show one’s class and taste.

C.British people do not go to pubs as often as be­fore.

D.Local pubs are being seriously affected by gastropubs.

多项选择题