阅读下面的文字，回答问题。

　　①因为知用中学的先生们希望我来演讲一回，所以今天到这里和诸君相见。不过我也没有什么东西可讲。忽而想到学校是读书的所在，就随便谈谈读书。是我个人的意见，姑且供诸君的参考，其实也算不得什么演讲。

　　②说到读书，似乎是很明白的事，只要拿书采读就是了，但是并不这样简单。至少，就有两种：一是职业的读书，一是嗜好的读书。所谓职业的读书者，譬如学生因为升学，教员因为要讲功课，不翻翻书，就有些危险的就是。我想在座的诸君之中一定有些这样的经验，有的不喜欢算学，有的不喜欢博物，然而不得不学，否则，不能毕业，不能升学，和将来的生计便有妨碍了。我自己也这样，因为做教员，有时即非看不喜欢看的书不可，要不这样，怕不久便会于饭碗有妨。我们习惯了，一说起读书，就觉得是高尚的事情，其实这样的读书，和木匠的磨斧头，裁缝的理针线并没有什么分别，并不见得高尚，有时还很苦痛，很可怜。你爱做的事，偏不给你做，你不爱做的，倒非做不可。这是由于职业和嗜好不能合一而来的。倘能够大家去做爱做的事，而仍然各有饭吃，那是多么幸福。但现在的社会上还做不到，所以读书的人们的最大部分，大概是勉勉强强的，带着苦痛的为职业的读书。

　　③现在再讲嗜好的读书吧。那是出于自愿，全不勉强，离开了利害关系的。——我想，嗜好的读书，该如爱打牌的一样，天天打，夜夜打，连续的去打，有时被公安局捉去了，放出来之后还是打。诸君要知道真打牌的人的目的并不在赢钱，而在有趣。牌有怎样的有趣呢，我是外行，不大明白。但听得爱赌的人说，它妙在一张一张的摸起来，永远变化无穷。我想，凡嗜好的读书，能够手不释卷的原因也就是这样。他在每一页每一页里，都得着深厚的趣味。自然，也可以扩大精神，增加知识的，但这些倒都不计及，一计及，便等于意在赢钱的博徒了，这在博徒之中，也算是下品。

　　④不过我的意思，并非说诸君应该都退了学，去看自己喜欢看的书去，这样的时候还没有到来；也许终于不会到，至多，将来可以设法使人们对于非做不可的事发生较多的兴味罢了。我现在是说，爱看书的青年，大可以看看本分以外的书，即课外的书，不要只将课内的书抱住。但请不要误解，我并非说，譬如在国文讲堂上，应该在抽屉里暗看《红楼梦》之类；乃是说，应做的功课已完而有余暇，大可以看看各样的书，即使和本业毫不相干的，也要泛览。譬如学理科的，偏看看文学书，学文学的，偏看看科学书，看看别个在那里研究的，究竟是怎么一回事。这样子，对于别人，剐事，可以有更深的了解：现在中国有一个大毛病，就是人们大概以为自己所学的一门是最好，最妙，最要紧的学问，而别的都无用，都不足道的，弄这些不足道的东西的人，将来该当饿死。其实是，世界还没有如此简单，学问都各有用处，要定什么是头等还很难。也幸而有各式各样的人，假如世界上全是文学家，到处所讲的不是“文学的分类”便是“诗之构造”，那倒反而无聊得很了。

　　⑤不过以上所说的，是附带而得的效果，嗜好的读书，本人自然并不计及那些，就如游公园似的，随随便便去，因为随随便便，所以不吃力，因为不吃力，所以会觉得有趣。如果一本书拿到手，就满心想道，“我在读书了！”“我在用功了！”那就容易疲劳，因而减掉兴味，或者变成苦事了。（选文略有改动）

1．在下面的空缺处填写相应的内容。选文第①段点明读书的话题，第②段主要阐述_____________________，第③段阐述嗜好的读书，第④段就爱看书的青年读书提出了_____________________的建议。

2．选文第②段中加着重号的“大概”能否删去？请说出理由。

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3．选文第⑤段画线的句子运用了什么论证方法？有什么表达作用？

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4．结合选文内容，请你说说对当今中学生阅读现状的认识。

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Which is sillier: denying we ever went to the moon or trying to convince the true non-believers?

Once upon a time—July 20, 1969, to be specific – two men got out of their little spaceship and wandered around on the moon for a while. Ten more men walked on the moon over the next three and a half years. The end.

Unfortunately, not quite. A fair number of Americans think that this whole business of moon landings really is a fairy tale. They believe that the landings were a big hoax (骗局) staged in the Mojave Desert, to convince everyone that U.S. technology was the “best” in the whole wide world.

Which is the harder thing to do: Send men to the moon or make believe we did? The fact is that the physics behind sending people to the moon is simple. You can do it with computers whose entire memory capacities can now fit on chips the size of postage stamps and that cost about as much as, well, a postage stamp. I know you can because we did.

However, last fall NASA considered spending $15,000 on a public-relations campaign to convince the unimpressed that Americans had in fact gone to the moon. That idea was mostly a reaction to a Fox television program, first aired in February 2001, that claimed to expose the hoax. The show’s creator is a publicity hound (猎狗) who has lived up to the name in more ways than one by hounding Buzz Aldrin, the second man on the moon. Mr. X (as I will call him, thereby denying him the joyous sight of his name in print) recently followed Buzz Aldrin around and called him “a thief, liar and coward” until the 72-year-old astronaut finally lost it and hit the 37-year-old Mr. X in the face.

Anyway, NASA’s publicity campaign began to slow down. The nonbelievers took the campaign as NASA’s effort to hide something while the believers said that $15,000 to convince people that the world was round — I mean, that we had gone to the moon — was simply a waste of money. (Actually, the $15,000 was supposed to pay for an article by James E. Oberg, an astronomy writer who, with Aldrin, has contributed to Scientific American.)

If NASA’s not paying Oberg, perhaps it could put the money to good use by hiring two big guys to drag Neil Armstrong out of the house. Armstrong is an extremely private man, but he is also the first man on the moon, so maybe he has a duty to be a bit more outspoken about the experience. Or NASA could just buy Aldrin a commemorate plaque (纪念匾) for his recent touch on the face of Mr. X.

小题1:We can learn from Paragraphs 2 and 3 that some Americans believe _______.

A．moon landings were invented

B．U.S. technology was the best

C．moon landing ended successfully

D．the Mojave Desert was the launching base小题2:According to the writer, which of the following is to blame for the story about the hoax?

A．NASA’s publicity campaign.

B．The Fox television program.

C．Buzz Aldrin.

D．James E. Oberg.小题3:The believers think that NASA’s publicity campaign is ________.

A．proof to hide the truth

B．stupid and unnecessary

C．needed to convince the non-believers

D．important to develop space technology小题4:What is implied in the last paragraph?

A．NASA should not bother with the non-believers.

B．Armstrong was a very private and determined person.

C．Armstrong should be as outspoken as Buzz Aldrin.

D．NASA should send more astronauts to outer space.