问题 探究题

为探究压力的作用效果与压力大小及受力面积之间的关系。小明做了几个带刻度的方形有机玻璃盒,并放入海绵(海绵大小恰好占满玻璃盒)。他先将底面积相同、重量之比为1:2:3的三个方形铅块依次放在同一海绵上,如图1、如图2、如图3,比较海绵的凹陷深度;再将铅块2和铅块3横放在海绵上,如图4、如图5,这时铅块1、铅块2、铅块3的底面积之比为1:2:3,比较海绵凹陷的深度。

(1)由图1、图2、图3得,受力面积相同时,海绵凹陷的深度与压力成            比。

(2)由图2、图4(或图3、图5)得,压力相同时,海绵的凹陷深度与受力面积成              比。

(3)由图1、图5、图5得,海绵在单位面积上所受的压力               时(填“相同”或“不同”),海绵的凹陷深度相同。

(4)综合上述实验可得,海绵的凹陷深度是由单位面积所受压力的大小决定,海绵在单位面积上不着天所受压力越大,凹陷深度就越                。所以我们就把单位面积上所受的压力定义为压强。

答案

(1)正(2)反(3)相同(4)深

阅读理解

When David Williams left the college, he went to Australia. When he returned to England for a visit twenty years later, he decided to go back to his old college.

David was very glad when he found out that his old college teacher was still teaching there. He went to visit the old man, and after they had an interesting talk, the teacher went out to get something. While he was away, David saw an exam paper on the desk. He looked at the date on it and saw that it was given to the students a week ago. David picked the paper up and read it. When  the teacher came back, David said to him, ”Mr. Smith, I’m sure that these are right the same questions that you asked us in our exams twenty years ago! How is that possible?”

“Yes, that’s right,” agreed the teacher. “The questions are the same, but the answers have changed.”

45. David went to______  after he left the college.

A. England       B. Australia      C. another college       D. his teacher’s office

46. David felt ______ when he found out that his college teacher was still teaching there.

A. worried      B. sorry      C. surprised       D. happy

47. The students took the same exam_____.

A. twenty years ago         B. while David’s teacher was away

C. a week ago              D. while David read the paper

48 Can you guess why the teacher still used the same exam paper twenty years later? Because______.

A.times have changed, answers have changed, too  B  different students have the same answers  

C. the students like to take the same exam       D. the teacher loved his students very much

单项选择题