问题 问答题 简答题

简述大气的垂直分层概况?

答案

参考答案:

大气的分层据气温和气流运动分为5层:对流层、平流层、中间层、暖层、散逸层(外层)

①对流层

特征:

(1)厚度时空分布:夏季>冬季;低纬度到高纬度厚度减小。

(2)在一般情况下,对流层中气温随高度增加而降低。

(3)空气对流运动显著。

(4)天气现象复杂多变。

②平流层,对流层顶以上到50—55公里范围。平流层气温基本上不受地面影响。水汽含量极少。气流运动相当平稳,并以水平运动为主,大气透明度良好。

③中间层,自平流层顶到80—85公里。气温随高度增加而迅速下降,到顶部降至160—190K;空气垂直运动相当强烈,水汽很少。

④暖层,自中间层顶到800公里高空。大气密度很小。空气因受太阳紫外辐射和宇宙线作用而处于高度电离状态,常出现极光,气温随高度的增加而迅速升高。

⑤散逸层(外层),暖层顶之上,800km以上的大气层,空气极其稀薄,温度随高度升高。

完形填空

阅读下面短文并回答问题,然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上(请注意题后词数要求)。

Good sleep is needed for good health. During sleep, your body repairs itself. Your immune system is built up. Don't shortchange(亏待,欺骗) yourself of the sleep you need. Here are someof an expert's tips for getting a good night's sleep.

1. Make sure your room is dark. Pull down the shades. Let no light of any kind in.

2. Before you go to sleep, ask your family not to turn on a light. Light breaks the sleep rhythm. Once broken, it's hard to get the sleep clock running right. As a result, you will not sleep well. You will wake up tired.

3. A hot bath just before bed is good. It makes you relax. You are at peace. This starts the desire for sleep.

4. During the day, ____________________.Even jogging(慢跑) will show good results. How about a good long walk? This will get your body to work. You will find that toward evening you will get that nice, tired feeling. Sleep then will come easily. Added to this, exercise is good for your health.

5. Here is what to do when you get up. Open the shades or blinds. Let the sun in. Open the  windows. Let the fresh air in. This sun and air get imprinted on your brain. The rhythm of being awake gets started. Your body clock is set for the day. That clock will let you know when it is the right time to go to sleep.

小题1:What does the underlined word ”It” mean? (Please answer within 5 words)

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小题2:What's the main idea of the passage? (Please answer within 15 words)

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小题3:Please fill in the blank in the paragraph with the proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 5 words)

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小题4:Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? (Please answer within 10 words)          To be healthy, you need good sleep.

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小题5:How can we get a good sleep?(at least 3 suggestions) (Please answer within 30 words)

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