问题 选择题

阅读相关材料,回答下列问题。(15分)

材料1:某海域海底地形剖面图(图1)。

图1

材料2:读亚洲大陆沿30°N的地形剖面图

图2

材料3: 2005年4月2日,我国远洋科学考察船“大洋一号”从青岛港徐徐起航,开始执行我国首次环球大洋科学考察任务。根据计划,“大洋一号”科学考察船将东出太平洋,途经巴拿马运河、好望角、马六甲海峡,横跨太平洋、大西洋和印度洋,此间将分别在6个作业区进行作业,历时约300天,2006年1月22日上午,完成历史使命的“大洋一号”科考船缓缓驶入青岛港。

材料4: “大洋一号”环球示意图

(1)图1中字母A、B、C、D、E代表不同的海底地形,其中B是                   ,E是               (2分)

(2)图2中C是         为世界陆地海拔最高点, C形成的原因是               。(3分)

(3)图2中B、D两地纬度相当,但气候差异明显,请说出两地气候特征及其成因。(4分)

(4)“大洋一号”科考船穿越的大洋中完全处在东半球的是        洋。(1分)

(5)“大洋一号”环球过程中穿越的大洲分界线有(  ) (1分)

A.1处  B.2处  C.3处  D.4处

(6)“大洋一号”环球过程中穿越的板块有(  ) (1分)

A.1个  B.3个  C.5个  D.6个

(7)2005年11月23日,“大洋一号”驶离开普敦向印度洋进发,当时开普敦的气候特征为______,该种气候类型形成的原因为___   ______,科考人员在当地看到的植被类型为________。(3分)

答案

(1)海沟   大陆架(2分)

(2)珠穆朗玛峰(1分)          是由于亚欧板块与印度洋板块碰撞、隆起上升形成的。(2分)

(3)B地全年炎热干燥, D地夏季高温多雨、冬季温和少雨。

B地受副热带高气压带或信风控制,D地受季风影响显著。(4分)

(4)印度 (1分)

(5)A (1分)

(6)C (1分)

(7)炎热干燥  副热带高气压带与西风带交替控制   亚热带常绿硬叶林(3分) 

题目分析:(1)图示B处位于海底深处,最深处,故判断为海沟。E处位于陆地边缘,水深较浅,故判断为大陆架。(2)世界陆地最高点为珠穆朗玛峰,其成因主要是板块运动的结果。(3)根据图示的纬度位置和海陆位置判断,B位于西亚阿拉伯半岛北部,为热带沙漠气候,由于终年受副热带高压带或信风带控制,故终年高温少雨;D位于长江中下游平原,为亚热带季风气候,由于海陆热力性质差异而形成,夏季高温多雨,冬季低温少雨。(4)在世界大洋分布中完全位于东半球的只有印度洋。(5)根据图示的航线线路和世界七大洲的分布判断,航线经过了南北美洲的分界线—巴拿马运河。(6)结合世界板块分布判断,航线依次经过了亚欧板块、太平洋板块、美洲板块、非洲板块、印度洋板块。(7)11月应为南半球的夏季,开普敦受地中海气候影响,夏季高温少雨。地中海气候的成因主要从气压带风带的移动角度分析。地中海气候下的植被类型为亚热带常绿硬叶林。

点评:本题难度一般,基础性较强,但考点较多,区域跨度大,解题需要把握以下几点:①利用海底地形的分布位置和水深差异判断不同的海底地形;②能利用板块位置判断世界著名地形区的形成原因;③能根据海陆位置和纬度位置判断世界主要的气候类型,并掌握其成因、气候特征的分析;④无图考图,掌握世界六大板块的分布;⑤注意南北半球的季节差异。

单项选择题

Although there are many skillful Braille readers, thousands of other blind people find it difficult to learn that system. They are thereby shut (1) from the world of books and newspapers, having to (2) on friends to read aloud to them.

A young scientist named Raymond Kurzweil has now designed a computer which is a major (3) in providing aid to the (4) .His machine, Cyclops, has a camera that (5) any page, interprets the print into sounds, and then delivers them orally in a robot-like (6) through a speaker. By pressing the appropriate buttons (7) Cyclops’s keyboard, a blind person can "read" any (8) document in the English language.

This remarkable invention represents a tremendous (9) forward in the education of the handicapped. At present, Cyclops costs $ 50,000. (10) , Mr. Kurzweil and his associates are preparing a smaller (11) improved version that will sell (12) less than half that price. Within a few years, Kurzweil (13) the price range will be low enough for every school and library to (14) one. Michael Hingson, Director of the National Federation for the Blind, hopes that (15) will be able to buy home (16) of Cyclops for the price of a good television set.

Mr. Hingson’s organization purchased five machines and is now testing them in Maryland, Colorado, Iowa, California, and New York. Blind people have been (17) in those tests, making lots of (18) suggestions to the engineers who helped to produce Cyclops.

"This is the first time that blind people have ever done individual studies (19) a product was put on the market," Hingson said. "Most manufacturers believed that having the blind help the blind was like telling disabled people to teach other disabled people. In that (20) , the manufacturers have been the blind ones.

15()

A.schools

B.chihlren

C.families

D.companies

多项选择题