问题 综合

根据下列材料,结合所学知识,完成(1)~(5)题。(14分)

材料一  2009年世界原木消耗量最多的五个国家的原木消费量、自给率及中国原木进口主要来源图。

材料二 五个国家的人口、面积、森林覆盖率和木材蓄积量(2009年)。

材料三  1993—2009年中国原木生产量、消费量变化曲线图。

(1)原木自给率最高的国家是    ;中国原木进口最大来源国的森林类型主要是     林 (4分)    

(2)自       年以后,我国原木进口量明显增加的重要原因是在东北、西南林区加强了对         的保护工作。(4分)

(3)森林的过度砍伐对全球生态环境产生的不利影响主要有        和        。(4分)

(4)芬兰、瑞典两国森林覆盖率高,人均木材蓄积量很大,但两国仍需大量进口木材,简述其原因。(5分)

(5)森林是一种重要的经济资源和环境资源,为了保护和改善生态环境,我国在森林资源的保护利用上可以采取哪些措施?(4分)

答案

(1)美国   亚寒带针叶林(或针叶林)(2分)

(2)1997 (或1998)   天然林(或森林)(2分)

(3)加剧全球气候变暖(或温室效应增强)   生物多样性减少(或大量物种灭绝)(4分)

(4)①木材加工业发达(或木材消费量大);②保护本国森林资源;③本国木材品种较单一(或本国森林生长较慢)。(3分)

(5)①大力植树造林;②提高木材利用效率;③开发木材替代品;④从国外进口木材。(3分)

题目分析:

第(1)题,从图中五个国家的原木的自给率不难看出,美国虽然对原木的消费总量最大,但其原木的自给率还是最高的,可以高达99%。而我国的原木进口主工是来自俄罗斯,其森林类型主要是亚寒带针叶林

第(2)题从材料二的图上也可以看从1998年以后,我国的原木的生产量明显小于我国的原木的消费量,这可能与实施对东北、西南等天然林区的保护有较大的关系

第(3)题森林资源的过度砍伐,势必造成其吸收大气中的温室气体的功能下降,留在大气中的温室气体的浓度增加,在加剧大气的温室效应的同时,还可能造成生物的多样性减少。

第(4)题芬兰、瑞典两国森林覆盖率高,人均木材蓄积量很大,但两国仍需大量进口木材可能与多方面的因素有关:一是本身对木材的需求量大;二是出于保护本国森林资源的需要;三也可能是本国的木材的品种过分的单一等等。

第(5)题为保护我国的森林资源,可以大力植树造林;提高木材利用效率;开发木材替代品;从国外进口木材等一系列措施

点评:本题的关键是结合图表中的相关信息进行综合解读,结合必修3中所学过的森林的开发和保护──以亚马逊热带雨林为例相关知识即可完成,试题属于一般性的中等难度的题目

填空题
阅读理解

阅读理解

A

At three a.m., Jack Mills was sitting at the controls of the mail train. The train was made up of 13 cars. At the end of the train, 71 mailmen sat sorting the mail. Inside the second car, there were only five mailmen and 128 bags full of five-pound notes. This train had run more than 100 years without being robbed(抢劫). At three minutes past three, Mills and his helper, David Whitby, saw a yellow warning light. They slowed the train, and then stopped. Whitby went to the telephone beside the track. It was out of order. Then he saw a man moving between the second and the third cars. Before Whitby cjould give a warning, he was knocked down by two men. Mills’ cars with all the mailmen had been disconnected by the robbers. At the bridge, the bags of money were unloaded from the train and thrown into waiting trucks. One of the robbers who obviously knew the schedules(时刻表) of all the trains kept looking at his watch. At 3:45 he said, “That will have to be enough.” The robbers drove away with more than 2,500,000 pounds.

1. The robbery took place______.

A. before 3:03                                                 B. in the early morning 

C. after three o’clock in the afternoon         D. after 3:45

2. The robbers_____ before the train stopped.

A. were all in the train                              B. forced Mills to stop the train

C. were waiting for the train to stop            D. ordered Mills to go on driving

3. Why didn’t the other mailmen help the mailmen in the second car when the robbery happened?

A. Because they were busy sorting the mail.

B. Because they didn’t want to help the mailmen in the second car.

C. Because the last eleven cars were separated from the front cars.

D. Because they knew nothing about the robbery.

4. One of the robbers kept looking at his watch because________.

A. he wanted to know the exact time           B. he enjoyed looking at his watch

C. he didn’t know when another train would come

D. they had to leave before another train came

5. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. The train was out of order.             

B. The telephone was put out of order by the robbers

C. Whitby had an assistant driver.       

D. The robbers carried the money away by truck.