问题 阅读理解与欣赏

太行、王屋二山,方七百里,高万仞,本在冀州之南,河阳之北。

北山愚公者,年且九十,面山而居。惩山北之塞,出入之迂也,聚室而谋曰:“吾与汝毕力平险,指通豫南,达于汉阴,可乎?”杂然相许。其妻献疑曰:“以君之力,曾不能损魁父之丘,如太行、王屋何?且焉置土石?”杂曰:“投诸渤海之尾,隐土之北。”遂率子孙荷担者三夫,叩石垦壤,箕畚运于渤海之尾。邻人京城氏之孀妻有遗男,始龀,跳往助之。寒暑易节,始一反焉。

河曲智叟笑而止之,曰:“甚矣,汝之不惠。以残年馀力,曾不能毁山之一毛,其如土石何?”北山愚公长息曰:“汝心之固,固不可彻,曾不若孀妻弱子。虽我之死,有子存焉。子又生孙,孙又生子;子又有子,子又有孙;子子孙孙,无穷匮也。而山不加增,何苦而不平?”河曲智叟亡以应。

小题1:解释下列句中划线的词。(2分)

⑴年九十         且:             ⑵杂然相        许:          

⑶曾不能毁山之一 毛:             ⑷河曲智叟以应  亡:          

小题2:用现代汉语翻译下列句子。(4分)

(1)遂率子孙荷担者三夫,叩石垦壤,箕畚运于渤海之尾。

(2)以君之力,曾不能损魁父之丘,如太行、王屋何? 且焉置土石?

小题3:从课文学习中知道, “阴”“阳”二字在和山水名称相连时,多指和山水相关的方位,如 “河阳”“汉阴”等。我国很多城镇名称就是这样形成的。请分别写明下列城市所处山水的位置。(2分)

⑴ 江(长江)阴:                      ⑵洛(洛河)阳:                     

小题4:下列说法不正确的一项是(    )(2分)

A.“愚公”和“智叟”的命名,突出了愚公的大智若愚,讽刺了智叟的鼠目寸光。

B.京城氏之子“跳往助之”,可见愚公移山受到众人拥护。

C.写智叟的“笑”,写出了智叟自作聪明的神态;而写愚公“长息“,则写出了愚公因移山艰难而愁苦的样子。

D.文章运用了对比和衬托的写作手法来突出人物形象,除用智叟这个人物与愚公进行对比外,还用遗男“相助”、山神“求告”、天帝“感动”等情节来衬托愚公,从而使愚公形象更加丰满、高大。小题5:读了这则寓言故事后,你得到什么启示?请联系生活实际简要谈谈你的看法。(2分)

答案

小题1:(1)将近(2)赞同(3)草木(4)亡,通“无”

小题1:(1)于是(愚公)率领儿孙中能挑担子的三个人,凿石头,挖泥土,用箕畚(将土石)运到渤海边上。(2)凭你的力气,连魁父这座小山都不能削平,还能把太行、王屋(两座大山)怎么样呢?再说,把泥土石块放到哪里去呢?(每句2分,共4分。漏掉词语或翻译不准确,酌情扣分。)

小题1:(1)在长江南岸;(2)在洛河北岸

小题1:C(2分)

小题1:示例:像愚公一样不畏艰难、坚持不懈的顽强拼搏,以发展的眼光看问题。在当代社会,充满了机遇和挑战,我们如果想建立一番事业,不可避免要面对许多困难,所以继承并发扬“愚公精神”在当代有十分重要的意义。 (2分)

小题1:本题考查对文言实词的认知能力。结合具体的语境来理解即可,有时还要注意加点字的特殊用法。

小题1:本题考查翻译文言句子的能力。翻译句子时注意关键字、语序,有时还要补出舍去的主语才行。

小题1:本题考查对文化常识的认知能力。根据对“阳”和“阴”认知来分析这两个地方的具体位置即可。

小题1:本题考查分析文章内容的能力。C项中写而写愚公“长息”,则是为了体现智叟的愚昧。

小题1:本题是一道综合题。先根据文章的内容谈获得启示,然后联系生活实际来谈对这种启示的认识即可。

单项选择题

The effect of the baby boom on the schools helped to make possible a shift in thinking about the role of public education in the 1920’s. In the 1920’s, but especially (1) the Depression of the 1930’s, the United States experienced a (2) birth rate. Then with the prosperity (3) on by the Second World War and the economic boom that followed it, young people married and (4) households earlier and began to (5) larger families than had their (6) during the Depression. Birth rates rose to 102 per thousand in 1946, 106.2 in 1950, and 118 in 1955. (7) economics was probably the most important (8) , it is not the only explanation for the baby boom. The increased value placed (9) the idea of the family also helps to (10) this rise in birth rates. The baby boomers began streaming (11) the first grade by the mid-1940’s and became a (12) by 1950. The public school system suddenly found itself (13) The wartime economy meant that few new schools were buih between 1940 and 1945. (14) , large numbers of teachers left their profession during that period for better-paying jobs elsewhere.

(15) , in the 1950’s, the baby boom hit an antiquated and inadequate school system. Consequently, the custodial rhetoric of the 1930’s no longer made (16) ; keeping youths ages sixteen and older out of the labor market by keeping them in school could no longer be a high (17) for an institution unable to find space and staff to teach younger children. With the baby boom, the focus of educators (18) turned toward the lower grades and back to basic academic skills and (19) . The system no longer had much (20) in offering nontraditional, new, and extra services to older youths.

8().

A. tenant

B. determinant

C. lubricant

D. repentant

填空题