问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面文言文,完成小题 。

[甲]拯性峭直,恶吏苛刻,务敦厚,虽甚嫉恶,而未尝不推以忠恕也。与人不苟合,不伪辞色悦人,平居无私书,故人亲党皆绝之。虽贵,衣服、器用、饮食如布衣时。尝曰:“后世子孙仕宦,有犯赃者,不得放归本家,死不得葬大茔中。不从吾志,非吾子若孙也。”(节选《包拯》)

[乙]由俭入奢易,由奢入俭难。饮食衣服,若思得之艰难,不敢轻易费用①。酒肉一餐,可办粗饭几日;纱绢②一匹,可办粗衣几件。不馋不寒足矣,何必图好吃好着?常将有日思无日,莫待无时思有时,则子子孙孙常享温饱矣。  《勉谕儿辈》

【注释】 ①费用:花费钱财。②纱绢:一种细薄的丝织品。

小题1:解释文中的划线的词语。(4分)

吏苛刻__________              ⑵饮食如布衣时__________

⑶若思之艰难__________          ⑷可粗衣几件__________

小题2:把下面两句话翻译成现代汉语。(4分)

⑴不从吾志,非吾子若孙也。

⑵不馋不寒足矣,何必图好吃好着?

小题3:[甲][乙]两文都有写主人公对后代的要求, [甲]文侧重对子孙在__________方面的要求是__________;而[乙]文侧重对儿辈在__________方面要求是__________。(4分)

小题4:[乙] 文中“常将有日思无日,莫待无时思有时”是一警句,若你要向别人推荐,能说出其中蕴藏的含义吗?(3分)

答案

小题1:⑴ 憎恶,讨厌         ⑵指平民    ⑶ 得到                   ⑷置办

小题1:⑴ 不遵从我的意愿,不是我的儿子和孙子。 ⑵ 不饿不冷就足够了,何必要求吃好穿好呢?

小题1:[甲]从政    清廉        [乙]生活    节俭

小题1:示例:要懂得居安思危,珍惜拥有的日子

小题1:本题考查对文言实词的认知能力。结合具体的语境来理解即可,有时还要注意加点字的特殊用法。

小题1:本题考查翻译文言句子的能力。翻译句子时注意关键字、语序,有时还要补出舍去的主语才行。

小题1:本题考查理解文章内容的能力。根据文章的内容来填写即可。

小题1:本题考查理解文句的内涵的能力。根据警句的意思向别人推荐即可。

单项选择题
完形填空

阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

A long time ago, there was a huge apple tree. A little boy loved to come and lay around it every day. They loved to play together.

As time went by, the boy had grown up and no longer played around it. One day, he came back and the tree excitedly invited him to play. But the boy said he needed money to buy toys. “Sorry, but I have no money, but you can pick all my apples and sell them,” said the tree. The boy did as told and left happily but never came back .The tree was sad.

Many years passed, the boy returned and told him he had to make money to build a house for his family. The tree happily offered his branches for his house. With the branches, he boy left satisfied. The tree was again lonely and sad.

Then one hot summer day, the tree was delighted to see the boy back again. “Come and play with me!” the tree said. “I am sad and getting old. I want to go sailing to relax myself. Can you give me a boat?” “Use my trunk to build your boat.”  The boy cut the tree trunk and went sailing but never showed up for a long time. The tree was happy, but it was not true.

Finally, the boy returned after he left for so many years. “Sorry, my boy. But I don’t have anything for you anymore. No more apples for you.” the tree said with tears.

The boy replied that he was too old and needed nothing “Good! Old tree root is the best place to lean on and rest. Come, Come sit down with me and rest.” The boy sat down and the tree was glad and smiled with tears...

[写作内容]

1.以约30个词概括上述寓言故事的要点;

2.以约120个词,写出以下内容:

(1)故事的寓意及读后感;

(2)假如你是故事中的那个男孩,你会怎样做?

[写作要求]

1.可以使用实例来支持你的论点,也可以参照阅读材料的内容论述,但不得直接引用原文中的句子;

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

[评分标准]

概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯。

(来源于中山市2009届5月高考调研试卷)