问题 阅读理解与欣赏

满架秋风扁豆花

说不清是从哪天起,我回家,都要从一架扁豆花下过。

扁豆栽在一户人家的院墙边。它们缠缠绕绕地长,你中有我,我中有你。顺了院墙,爬。顺了院墙边的树,爬。顺了树枝,爬。又爬到半空中的电线上去了。电线连着路南和路北的人家,一条人行甬道的上空,就这样被扁豆们,很是诗意地搭了一个绿篷子,上有花朵,一小撮一小撮地开着。

秋渐深,别的花且开且落,扁豆花却且落且开。紫色的小花瓣,像蝶翅。无数的蝶翅,在秋风里舞蹁跹。欢天喜地。

花落,结荚,扁豆成形。四岁的侄儿说出的话最是生动,他说那是绿月亮。看着,还真像,是一弯一弯镶了紫色边的绿月亮。我走过时,稍稍抬一抬手,就能够着路旁的那些绿月亮。想着若把它切碎了,清炒一下,和着大米饭蒸,清香会浸到每粒大米的骨头里——这是我小时的记忆。乡村人家不把扁豆当稀奇,煮饭时,想起它来,跑出屋子,在屋前的草垛旁,或是院墙边,随便捋上一把,洗净,搁进饭锅里蒸。饭熟,扁豆也熟了。用大碗装了,放点盐,放点味精,再拌点蒜泥,滴两滴香油,那味道,只一个字,香。

这里的扁豆,却无人采摘,一任它挂着。扁豆的主人大概是把它当风景看的。于扁豆,是福了,它可以不受打扰地自然生长,花开花落。

终于见到扁豆的主人,一位整洁干练的老妇人。下午四点钟左右的光景,太阳跑到楼那边去了,她家小院前,留一片阴。扁豆花却明媚着,天空也明媚着。她坐在院前的扁豆花旁,膝上摊一本书,她用手指点着书,一行一行读,朗朗有声。我看一眼扁豆花,看一眼她,觉得她们是浑然一体的。

此后常见到老妇人,都是那个姿势,在扁豆花旁,认真地在读一页书。视力不好了,她读得极慢。人生至此,终于可以停泊在一架扁豆花旁,与时光握手言欢,从容地过了。暗暗想,真人不露相,这老妇人,说不定也是一位高人呢。像郑板桥,曾流落到苏北小镇安丰,居住在大悲庵里,春吃瓢儿菜,秋吃扁豆。人见着,不过一乡间普通农人,谁知他满腹诗才?秋风渐凉,他在他居住的厢房门板上,手书浅刻了一幅对联:“一帘春雨瓢儿菜,满架秋风扁豆花。”几百年过去了,当年的大悲庵,早已化作尘土。但他那句“满架秋风扁豆花”,却与扁豆同在,一代又一代,不知被多少人在秋风中念起。

清学者查学礼也写过扁豆花:“碧水迢迢漾浅沙,几丛修竹野人家。最怜秋满疏篱外,带雨斜开扁豆花。”有人读出凄凉,有人读出寥落,我却读出欢喜。人生秋至,不关紧的,疏篱外,还有扁豆花,在斜风细雨中,满满地开着。生命不息。

小题1:扁豆花不同于别的花的主要特点是什么?根据文中相关语句回答。(4分)

小题2:下列句子描写生动形象,富有表现力,收到了很好的表达效果。请简要赏析。(4分)

①顺了院墙,爬。顺了院墙边的树,爬。顺了树枝,爬。

②紫色的小花瓣,像蝶翅。无数的蝶翅,在秋风里舞蹁跹。欢天喜地。

小题3:文中写老妇人和郑板桥有什么作用?请结合文意具体分析。(4分)

小题4:末段“有人读出寥落,我却读出欢喜”,你以为“人生秋至”是“寂寥”,还是“欢喜”?结合全文,简述理由。(4分)

答案

小题1:秋越深,开的越盛;且开且落

小题1:①运用拟人和反复的修辞方法,三个“爬”字,生动地写出了扁豆花蜿蜒生长不止的样子,赞美了其旺盛的生命力。

②用比喻,把扁豆花瓣比作“蝶翅”,形象地写出了扁豆花的美丽形状;“欢天喜地”,用拟人的手法表现其勃勃生机和乐观向上的精神。

小题1:由花及人,写晚景中的老妇人“与时光握手”从容淡定,困境中的郑板桥过着简单的农家生活豁达平和,把他们的人生态度与扁豆花的独特品性融为一体。

小题1:是寂寥,因为人生至此已年老力衰,被冷落,受孤独,难免会产生寂寥的心绪。

是欢喜,因为在人生的“斜风细雨”里,我们也可以像扁豆花一样,“慢慢地开着”,从容豁达,积极乐观,因为生命是一个生生不息的交替过程。

小题1:学生感知文本,学会在文章中找出照应的内容,又要学会概括内容的能力。能围绕随着秋天的深入,花越盛,并伴有边开边落的特点。

小题1:语言赏析主要从词语运用和修辞两个角度去鉴赏如:先说出修辞,再答出修辞表达效果;先说出词语的含义,再答出词语表达效果。学会结合语段具体问题具体分析。能准确表述出修辞词语在这里的具体表达效果,表述意思合理即可。

小题1:理解花的象征含义,在这里表现了人的从容淡定和豁达平和的特点,使文章的寓意更加深刻,更有内涵。

小题1:开放性试题,只要观点明确,有理有据,文通句顺,书写认真即可。

单项选择题
阅读理解
阅读理解
     Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
     Tomatoes are the world's most popular fruit rich in nutrition like Vitamin A, C, fibre and lycopene
(番茄红素). Researchers have found that consuming lycopene helps in preventing cancer. Tomato
also helps in keeping the skin healthy and young by protecting from harmful rays. Since lycopene is
present in the cellular wall of tomato, it is better to consume cooked tomato to have higher concentration
of lycopene. So tomatoes are a wonderful fruit.
     Then how to grow tomatoes? First, there should be regular and even watering in the fields where
tomatoes grow. You can also add fertilizer to have better results. Plant the tomato plants with enough
space(for example 2 to 3 inch space)between each other to lessen spreading of disease and pests and
help the fruits get enough sunlight. Provide support like pole when the plants grow up to prevent from
disease and to increase the crop product.
     In order to make your tomatoes grow well, you should take some useful tips. For example, choose
variety based on the season and soil type that you are growing. Planting site should have enough sunlight
to have more fruits. Prune(修剪)the tomato plants if necessary to maintain a manageable size. Check
tomato plants regularly for any kind of pests and diseases.
    To people's regret, tomatoes possibly suffer from some diseases during their growth. So you must try
your best to prevent them. Soil should be free from debris(残骸)of earlier plant remains and should be
treated first before tomato plantation like solarizing(晒) to prevent from pests. It is always better to
choose resistant plant varieties and follow crop rotation(轮作)as far as possible.

Title: Tomatoes
1.________    
●Vitamin A, C, fibre and lycopene.
2.________    
●3.________.
●Help in keeping the skin healthy and young.  4.________  
●Make sure of     5.________     watering in the fields.
●Add fertilizer to have better results.  
●Plant the tomato plants with enough space between each other.
●6.________    when the tomatoes grow up.
Some tips          
●Choose variety based on the season and soil type.
●Choose planting site    7.________.
●Prune the tomato plants if necessary to maintain a manageable size.  
●  8.________for any kind of pests and diseases. Ways of   9.________  
●Make the soil free from debris of earlier plant remains.
●Treat the soil first before tomato plantation.  
●Choose resistant plant varieties.
●  10.________.