With the spread of inter-active electronic media a man alone in his own home will never have been so well placed to fill the inexplicable mental space between cradle and crematorium. So I suspect that books will be pushed more and more into those moments of travel or difficult defecation (1) people still don’t quite know what to do with.

When people do read, I think they’ll want to feel they are reading literature, or (2) something serious. (3) you’re going to find fewer books presenting themselves as no-nonsense and (4) assuming literary pretensions and being packaged as works of art. We can expect an extraordinary variety of genre, but with an underlying (5) of sentiment and vision.

Translators can only (6) from this desire for the presumably sophisticated. We can look forward to lots of difficult names and fantastic stories of foreign parts enthusiastically (7) by the overall worship of the "global village’. Much of this will be awful and some wonderful, (8) don’t expect the press or the organizers of prizes to offer you much help in making the appropriate distinctions. They will be chiefly (9) in creating celebrity, the greatest enemy of discrimination, but a good prop for the (10) consumer.

Every ethnic grouping over the world will have to be seen to have a great writer—a phenomenon that will (11) a new kind of provincialism, more chronological than geographic, (12) only the strictly contemporary is talked about and (13) Universities, including Cambridge, will include (14) their literature syllabus novels, written only last year. (15) occasional exhumation for the Nobel, the achievements of ten or only five years ago will be largely forgotten.

In short, you can’t go too far wrong when predicting more of the same. But there is a (16) side to this—the inevitable reaction against it. The practical things I would like to see happen--publishers seeking less to (17) celebrity through extravagant advertising, (18) and magazines (19) space to reflective pieces—are rather more improbable than the Second Coming(耶稣复临). But dullness never quite darkens the whole planet. In their own idiosyncratic fashion a few writers will (20) be looking for new departures.

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.12（）

A．which

B．where

C．when

D．what

北宋时期王安石发动了旨在改革北宋建国以来积弊的一场改革，但并未处理好具体实行的问题以及与反对者的关系，所以当时和后人对其变法褒贬不一。阅读材料，结合所学知识，回答下列问题：

材料一 (司马光)请更张新法，曰：“……王安石不达政体，专用私见，变乱旧章，误先帝任使，遂至民多失业，闾里怨嗟。……敛免役钱，宽富而困贫，以养浮浪之人，使农民失业，穷愁无告。” ——《续资治通鉴长编》

材料二 《宋史?王安石传》：安石曰：“变风俗，立法度，最方今之所急也。”上以为然……据家赀高下，各令出钱雇人充役……以东、西、南、北各千步，当四十一顷六十六亩一百六十步为一方。岁以九月，佐分地计量，验地色好，分为五等。以地之等，均定税数。材料三 梁启超在《中国六大政治家——王荆公》中把王安石比作中国的克伦威尔，说他以“不世出之杰，而蒙天下之垢”，称王安石是“三代下求完人，惟公庶足以当之矣”。……梁启超对变法的结论是“实国史上，世界史上最有名誉之社会革命”。

材料四 （王安石变法）首先利息并不低。王安石定的标准，是年息二分，即贷款一万，借期一年，利息二千。这其实已经很高了，而各地还要加码。……利息高不说，手续还麻烦。……道道手续，都要给胥吏衙役交“好处费”……地方官就更是硬性摊派了。当然，层层摊派的同时，还照例有层层加码。于是，不但贫下中农，就连富裕中农和富农、地主，也得“奉旨贷款”。结果，老百姓增加了负担，地方官增加了收入。 ——易中天《谈王安石变法》

请回答：

（1）据材料一，司马光对王安石变法态度如何?据材料二分析其所持态度的原因。

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（2）梁启超对王安石变法态度如何？结合所学知识分析其原因。

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（3）据材料四概括易中天的观点。这种观点对吗?为什么?

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