问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下列文言语段,完成小题。(15分)

【甲】

舜发于畎亩之中,傅说举于版筑之间,胶鬲举于鱼盐之中,管夷吾举于士,孙叔敖举于海,百里奚举于市。故天将降大任于是人也,必先苦其心志,劳其筋骨,饿其体肤,空乏其身,行拂乱其所为,所以动心忍性,曾益其所不能。

人恒过,然后能改;;征于色发于声而后喻。入则无法家拂士,出则无敌国外患者,国恒亡。然后知生于忧患而死于安乐也。

【乙】

上谓侍臣曰:“治国如治病,病虽愈,尤宜将护.倘遽自放纵,病复作,则不可救矣。今中国幸安,四夷俱服,诚自古所希,然朕日慎一日,唯惧不终,故欲数闻卿辈谏争也。”    魏征曰:“内外治安,臣不以为喜,唯喜陛下居安思危耳。”

小题1:解释下列句中划线的词(4分)

(1)傅说于版筑之间        (2)征于色发于声而后

(3)入则无法家士          (4)自古所希

小题2:下列各组中划线词的意义和用法相同的一组是(2分)

A(1)天将降大任于是人也   (2)欲数闻卿辈谏争也

B(1)困于心衡于虑而后     (2)病复,则不可救矣

C(1)国恒                 (2)河曲智叟以应

D(1)则无敌国外患者       (2)君谓计将安

小题3:用现代汉语翻译下面的句子(6分)

(1)所以动心忍性,曾益其所不能

(2)然后知生于忧患而死于安乐也

(3)治国如治病,病虽愈,尤宜将护

小题4:甲文探讨了           两个问题,论述了“生于忧患死于安乐”的道理;乙文表达的主要观点是               。(3分)

答案

小题1:(1)任用,选拔 (2)了解 (3)通“弼”,辅佐 (4)确实,实在。

小题1:A

小题1:(6分,每句各2分,关键词语解释正确,句子通顺及给分)

(1)用这些办法使他的心惊动,使他的性格坚强起来,以不断增长才干。

(2)这之后才知道因有忧患而得以生存,因沉迷安乐而衰亡。

治理国家如同治病,病即使痊愈,还应当护理调养。

小题1:(3分,意思相近即可,每处1分)造就人才 治理国家 居安思危

小题1:本题考查对文言实词的认知能力。结合具体的语境来理解即可,有时还要注意加点字的特殊用法。注意(3)为通假字,各个加点词的意思有的取其常用意,有的需要从从课文中迁移过来。

小题1:本题考查学生对文言词语的意思与用法的运用与理解能力。A 都是连词,所以。  B动词,奋起/动词,发作  C 动词,灭亡/动词,没有   D动词作状语,在国外/动词,出自。

小题1:本题考查翻译文言句子的能力。翻译句子时注意关键字、语序,有时还要补出舍去的主语才行。(1)注意关键词“所以”“动”“惊”“曾益”的意思及特殊用法,补充出省略内容。(2)注意关键词“然后”“于”的意义和用法。(3)注意关键词“如”“虽”“尤”“宜”的翻译。

小题1:本题考查考查学生分析以及理解文章内容的能力。结合甲、乙两文的内容来解答此题即可。

选择题
阅读理解

I lost my sight when I was four years old by falling off a box car in a freight yard in City and landing on my head. Now I am thirty two. I can slightly remember the brightness of sunshine and what color red is .It would be wonderful to see again , but a calamity (灾难)can do strange things to people .It occurred to me the other day that I might not have come to love life as I do if I hadn’t been blind . I believe in life now.I am not so sure that I would have believed in it so deeply , otherwise. I don’t mean that would prefer to go without my eyes . I simply mean that Atlantic the loss of them made me appreciate the more what I had left .

Life, I believe, asks a continuous series of adjustments to reality. The more readily a person is able to make these adjustments, the more meaningful his own private world becomes. The adjustment is never easy. I was totally confused and afraid. But I was lucky. My parents and my teachers saw something in me--a potential to live, you might call it--which I didn't see, and they made me want to fight it out with blindness.

The hardest lesson I had to learn was to believe in myself. That was basic. If I hadn't been able to do that, I would have collapsed and become a chair rocker on the front porch for the rest of my life. When I say belief in myself I am not talking about simply the kind of self confidence that helps me down an unfamiliar staircase alone. That is part of it. But I mean something bigger than that: an assurance that I am, despite imperfections, a real, positive person; that somewhere in the sweeping, intricate(错综复杂的) pattern of people there is a special place where I can make myself fit.

It took me years to discover and strengthen this assurance. It had to start with the simplest things. Once a man gave me an indoor baseball. I thought he was making fun of me and I was hurt. "I can't use this." I said. "Take it with you," he urged me, "and roll it around." The words stuck in my head. "Roll it around! "By rolling the ball I could hear where it went. This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought impossible: playing baseball. At Philadelphia's Overbrook School for the Blind I invented a successful variation of baseball. We called it ground ball.

All my life I have set ahead of me a series of goals and then tried to reach them, one at a time. I had to learn my limitations. It was no good trying for something that I knew at the start was wildly out of reach because that only invited the bitterness of failure. I would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made progress.

小题1:We can learn from the beginning of the passage that _______

A.the author lost his sight because of a car crash.

B.the author wouldn't love life if the disaster didn't happen.

C.the disaster made the author appreciate what he had.

D.the disaster strengthened the author's desire to see.小题2:What's the most difficult thing for the author?

A.How to adjust himself to reality.

B.Building up assurance that he can find his place in life.

C.Learning to manage his life alone.

D.How to invent a successful variation of baseball.小题3:According to the context, “a chair rocker on the front porch” in paragraph 3 means that the author __________

A.would sit in a rocking chair and enjoy his life.

B.would be unable to move and stay in a rocking chair.

C.would lose his will to struggle against difficulties.

D.would sit in a chair and stay at home.小题4:According to the passage, the baseball and encouragement offered by the man _____

A.hurt the author's feeling.

B.gave the author a deep impression.

C.directly led to the invention of ground ball.

D.inspired the author.小题5:What is the best title for the passage?

A.A Miserable Life

B.Struggle Against Difficulties

C.A Disaster Makes a Strong Person

D.An Unforgettable Experience