问题 选择题

如图所示,光滑的水平面上有一个质量为M=2m的凸型滑块,它的左侧面与水平面相切,并且光滑,滑块的高度为h。质量为m的小球,以某一初速度在水平面上迎着光滑曲面冲向滑块。试分析计算小球的初速度满足什么条件,小球才能越过滑块。

答案

小球的初速度必须大于

题目分析:设小球的初速度为,当小球滑到滑块最高点时,小球的速度为,滑块的速度为,由动量守恒定律和机械能守恒定律可得

小球要越过滑块,至少应有,则上述两式变为

解得

故小球的初速度必须大于

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