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问题 填空题
已知向量
a
=（1，0），
b
=（1，2），且λ
a
-
b
（λ为实数）与
b
垂直，则λ=______．
答案

由题意可得λ

a
-
b
=λ（1，0）-（1，2）=（λ-1，-2），

由λ

a
-
b
与
b
垂直可得：（λ
a
-
b
）•
b
=0

即（λ-1）×1+（-2）×2=0，解得λ=5

故答案为：5

解答题

列方程（组）解应用题：

“五一”期间某校学生到相距学校10千米的“老年公寓”开展“献爱心”活动，部分同学骑自行车从学校出发，20分钟后另一部分同学乘汽车从学校出发，结果乘汽车的同学比骑自行车的同学提前10分钟到达“老年公寓”已知汽车速度是自行车速度的4倍，求两种车的速度各是多少。
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单项选择题

The great advance (91) rocket theory 40 years ago showed that liquid-fuel rockets were far (92) in every respect to the skyrocket with its weak solid fuel, the only kind of rocket then known. (93) , during the last decade, large solid-fuel rockets with (94) fuels about as powerful as liquid fuels have (95) their appearance, and it is a favorite layperson’s question to (96) which one is "better". The question is meaningless. (97) might as well ask whether a gasoline or a diesel engine is "better". It all (98) on the purpose. A liquid-fuel rocket is complicated, (99) has the advantage that it can be controlled beautifully. The burning of the rocket engine can be stopped completely; it can be reignited when (100) . (101) , the thrust can be made to vary by adjusting the speed of the fuel pumps. A solid-fuel rocket, on the other hand, is rather (102) in construction, (103) hard to build when a really (104) size is desired. But once you have a solid-fuel rocket, it is ready for action (105) very short notice. A liquid-fuel rocket has to be fueled first and cannot be (106) readiness for very long after it has been fueled. (107) , once a solid-fuel rocket has been ignited, it will keep burning. It cannot be stopped and reignited (108) desired (it could conceivably be stopped and reignited after a pre-calculated time of burning has elapsed, and its thrust cannot be varied. Because a solid-fuel rocket can be kept ready for a long time, most military missiles (109) solid fuels, but human-piloted spaceflight needs the fine adjustments that can (110) be provided by liquid fuels.

A．and

B．so

C．thus

D．but
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