问题 阅读理解与欣赏

(13分)

[甲]从小丘西行百二十步,隔篁竹,闻水声,如鸣佩环,心乐之。伐竹取道,下见小潭,水尤清洌。全石以为底,近岸,卷石底以出,为坻,为屿,为嵁,为岩。青树翠蔓,蒙络摇缀,参差披拂。

潭中鱼可百许头,皆若空游无所依。日光下澈,影布石上,佁然不动;俶而远逝,往来翕忽,似与游者相乐。

潭西南而望,斗折蛇行,明灭可见。其岸势犬牙差互,不可知其源。

  坐潭上,四面竹树环合,寂寥无人,凄神寒骨,悄怆幽邃。以其境过清,不可久居,乃记之而去。

[乙]元丰六年十月十二日,夜,解衣欲睡,月色入户,欣然起行。念无与乐者,遂至承天寺,寻张怀民。怀民亦未寝,相与步于中庭。

庭下如积水空明,水中藻荇交横,盖竹柏影也

何夜无月?何处无竹柏?但少闲人如吾两人者耳。

小题1:给下面划线字注音。(2分)

  (1)往来忽(   )           (2)至承天寺,寻张怀民(  )

小题2:解释下面划线词的意思。(2分)

  (1)潭中鱼百许头               (2)怀民亦未寝          

小题3:把下面句子译成现代汉语。(4分)

  (1)其岸势犬牙差互

                                                                           

(2)念无与乐者

                                                                           

小题4:甲、乙两文都运用了借景抒情的表现手法,用原文回答表现作者情感的句子(2分)

甲文是:                                                                

乙文是:                                                                

小题5:依照示例,赏析乙文中的句子。(3分)

潭中鱼可百许头,皆若空游无所依。

示例:正面写了游鱼,侧面写了潭水的清澈透明。字面只写鱼,对水只字未提,但水清鱼欢的优美画面却展现在了读者面前。

庭下如积水空明,水中藻荇交横,盖竹柏影也。

                                                                        

                                                                           

                                                                           

答案

小题1:xī  suì

小题2:大约 睡觉

小题3:(1)那(石)岸的形状像狗的牙齿那样相互交错。 (2)想到(考虑)没有可以交谈取乐的人。

小题4:(寂寥无人),凄神寒骨,悄怆幽邃。(答“心乐之”也可) (何夜无月?何处无竹柏?)但少闲人如吾两人者耳

小题5:此句用比喻的修辞手法写出了月光的皎洁(清澈透明)。句中没有写“月”字,却无处不见皎洁的月光,点染出一个空明澄澈,疏影摇曳,亦真亦幻的美妙境界。

小题1:

题目分析:“”与“翁”字相近,“遂”与“逐”字相近,不要读错拼错。

点评:本题不难,第一字课文注释中有,第二字是常用字。古文中的汉字读音也是复杂的,有的读音与今天的读法不同,要特别注意。另外,古文中生僻字较多,学习时要随读随查随记。

小题2:

题目分析:“可”是古今异义,“”是文言,注意识记。

点评:本题不难,易于判断。古代语言与现代语言中,有些字语的含义和使用存在差异,学习古文,应该有“古文意识”,切不可以现代语言直接去替代古代语言。

小题3:

题目分析:“差互”“无与乐”比较难译。“差”是,不整齐的意思,“互”是相互交错的意思。“乐”是形容词动用,意为“交谈取乐”。

点评:本题有难度,两句不好翻译。翻译文言句子,要把每个字的意义和作用搞清楚,尤其是难译的字词,然后把各个“意义”按句的表现意思排列,疏通一下句子,注意调整语序。

小题4:

题目分析:了解古诗文写景抒情的特点,先景后情,抓住两文最后一句理解即可。

点评:本题不难,两文中皆有较为明确的文字信息。古代文人常常是把自己的情感蕴含于景物之中,写作的方法是借景抒情,先景后情,了解这一特点,即可分析古诗中的情感所在。

小题5:

题目分析:注意仿照例子,但不是仿句了的结构形式,是仿方法:写作内容是什么,运用了什么写作方法?

点评:本题有点难度,学生对例句难于分析出“赏析”的方法(指出写作方法及效果)。赏析古诗,对学生来说是比较难的,主要是不解其法,所以拟题者给了示例,这种思路是不错,但学生分析起来依然有障碍,应该再提示一下:写作方法,景物的特点。

阅读理解

Mexico City is truly one of the most amazing cities in the world with a mixture of both the old and new world. From the moment your plane starts to land in this vast city, you know that your trip will be quite an adventure.

Once in your taxi and the moment you leave the airport, you are amazed at the large amount of slow traffic. The volume of the traffic can be stressful to some.

The "Paseo de la Reforma (改革大道)", running southwest across the city, is one of the major tourist and business areas in Mexico City with many high quality hotels only walking distance from great restaurants and other tourist attractions. The only problem you will have is trying to see all of these sites during your vacation time.

One of the most popular attractions in this area is the National Museum of Anthropology along the northwest part of the street. There are thousands of artifacts on display showing the history of the area and numerous items found from the many Aztec sites in the area. Walking southwest from the museum, you will soon reach the Mexico City Zoo, which is a great place to spend an afternoon.

Across the street from the museum is the Chapultepec Castle, once an important site in the Mexican-American war. It's also a good idea to take the train up the hill to where the castle is located as the hill is steep (陡峭的). It's important to keep in mind that Mexico City is over 7,000 feet above sea level and some feel it difficult to breathe when walking.

You can take a taxi to the Coyoacan market during the evening on a weekend. It's a great place to get some cheap souvenirs to bring back home and to enjoy some traditional Mexican cuisine. However, you must be careful where you eat and that the meat is well cooked.

小题1:The tourists in Mexico City may not be satisfied with______.

A.the high speed of the traffic

B.the heavy traffic of the city

C.the polluted air in the city

D.their safety in the city小题2:From the third paragraph, we can learn that______.

A.the number of the city attractions can't meet the needs of the tourists

B.it is convenient for tourists to visit the city from where they stay

C.tourists have problems when visiting the sites in Mexico City

D.tourists often have their three meals in the high quality hotels小题3:Which of the following shows the correct positions of the following places?

P =" Paseo" de la Reforma           M =" the" National Museum of Anthropology

C =" the" Chapultepec Castle       Z =" the" Mexico City Zoo

小题4:Which of the following attractions may interest those who want to study the military (of the army) history of Mexico City?

A.The National Museum of Anthropology.

B.The Coyoacan market.

C.The Chapultepec Castle.

D.The Aztec sites.

单项选择题