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After a lot of weightlifting and 25 exhausting days training, a 52-year-old woman recently became the first female “gripman” on San Francisco’s historic cable cars.

Fannie Barnes passed her written test and completed a final run under the watchful eye of a supervisor, Municipal Railway spokesman Alan Siegel said.

Deep calluses(茧) are already forming at the base of her fingers and there is a hole in her glove. Two other women quit after a single day with injured muscles. “Now they’re going to have to change the word from gripman to grip person, just because of me,” Barnes said earlier, “I’m so excited.”

After almost a year of serious workouts, Barns can pull more than 61 kilos, only 23 kilos less than her body weight. And she’ll need the muscle, for this is no modern, push-button technology. Every time a car starts up again after making a stop, the gripman must haul back on a lever controlling a device that grips the cable, which runs continuously at 14 kilometers per hour. If the grip slips, so does the car. A second person operates the brakes.

In addition to having to throw her weight around on the job, she’s got to throw out some attitude to men who were hard to convince. The city employs 76 men in the job.

“A lot of men said mean things to me and didn’t want to help train me. But I would like to thank the guys who were against me because they gave me even more inspiration to do it.” she said.

Not all the men were against her. Many of the male colleagues yelled out support as she did her training runs. One of her biggest tests was drizzly December morning. She first went down the Hyde Street Hill, considered the most dangerous incline on the cable car routes. “I had to have the will and I had to believe I could do it,” she said. “It was scary, but as I started going down full grip and felt that I was in control, I knew I was on my way,” Barnes already is a pioneer of sorts. She started working as a cable car conductor six years ago, collecting fares and assisting on the back brake. She is one of only three women to have that job. But she said she always wanted the job up front on the car. (400)

1. What is unusual about Fannie Barnes getting a job as a gripman?

A. She is the oldest one to work as a grpman.

B. She is the first women to work as a gripman.

C. She is the fattest women to work as a gripman.

D. She is the most suitable one to work as a gripman.

2. What did the 52-year-old woman do when she first began working on the city’s cable car?

A. As a gripman.    B. As a conductor.    C. As a brakeman.  D. As a supervisor.

3. It can be inferred from the passage that Fannie Barnes is ________.

A. strong and easy-going      B. strong-willed and self-confident

C. popular and humorous      D. considerate and quick-tempered

答案

小题1:B

小题2:A

小题3:B

阅读理解

阅读理解

     I was reading these intriguing stories behind a group of great logos in the world. Personally Nike is my

favorite one-it's so simple. And I liked the stories behind them, which made me forget all other things.

McDonald's, Apple, Mercedes Benz and Adidas own great logos as well, and they are among my very

favorites.

     Nike

     In the Greek myth, Nike is the goddess of victory and the source of inspiration  for  soldiers. This  

logo represents the wing in the famous statue of the Greek goddess. Nike's logo was designed by

Carolyn Davidson in 1971 for $35, and was registered as a trademark in 1995.

     McDonald's

     The logo was designed in 1962 by Jim Schindler  to  resemble  the  archshaped  signs  on  the  side

  of  the company's then walkup hamburger stand. Later on, the two golden arches were combined

together to form the M. The McDonald's name was added to the logo in 1968.

     Apple

     There  are  different  stories  behind Apple's logo. The first logo was a reference to the religious

story of Adam and Eve, in which the apple represented the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge. One year

later, the second logo was designed in 1977 by Steve Jobs and Ronald Wayne, and it described Sir

Isaac Newton sitting under an apple tree. This logo didn't stay long. One year later it was replaced

almost immediately by graphic designer Rob Janoff's "rainbow apple", a rainbowcolored silhouette(轮廓)

of an  apple with a bite taken out of it. And then the rainbowcolored apple was replaced by the

onecolored logo in 1998. It has not been changed so far.

     Mercedes Benz

     The Mercedes Benz logo, which was originally created by Gottlieb Daimler in 1909, consists of a

simple description of a threepointed star that represents its rule of the land, the sea and the air. The

company was founded by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach. Marcedes is the name of Maybach's

elder daughter, while Benz came as a result of a combination with Benz, Cie. and DMG in 1926.

     Adidas

     The  Adidas  logo, which  was created by the founder of the company Adi Dassler, represents

mountains, pointing towards the challenges that are seen ahead and goals that can be achieved. The logo

was used for the first time in 1967.

1. What does the author think of the stories of the great logos?

A. They are boring.

B. They are out of date.

C. They are attractive.

D. They are practical.

2. What does Nike's logo stand for?

A. The goddess of victory.

B. The source of inspiration for soldiers.

C. The statue of the Greek goddess.

D. The wing of the Greek goddess.

3. We can learn that Apple's present logo is ________.

A. the religious story of Adam and Eve

B. a bitten apple with only one color

C. Newton's sitting under an apple tree

D. the rainbowcolored bitten apple

4. Which of the following time orders describes the births of the great logos?

A. Mercedes Benz-McDonald's-Nike-Apple

B. Nike-McDonald's-Apple-Mercedes Benz

C. McDonald's-Apple-Nike-Mercedes Benz

D. Nike-Mercedes Benz-McDonald's-Apple

单项选择题