问题 问答题 简答题

简述老舍创作的艺术视点。

答案

参考答案:

对老舍来说,市民社会中阶级的划分或者上流下层的划分都不是最重要的,重要的是“文化”对于人性以及人伦关系的影响,这就是老舍的基本的创作视点。这一视点既决定着老舍小说在当时的地位和影响,也决定着老舍作品的独有的特点。对于前者,我们从老舍研究的历史状况可以看出,由于老舍习惯于用文化来分割不同阶层的人,描写的是特定文化背景下的人的命运和在文化制约中的世态人情,走的是“俗文化”的路子,不同于二三十年代主流文学通常采用的对现实社会进行阶级分析的方法,因此,虽然拥有大量的读者,但仍然不能得到当时主流派文学阅读时尚的欢迎,主流评论界也自然不会给他应有的评价和地位。对于后者,也正因为他的“俗”,他的作品的“北京味儿”、幽默风,以及经北京话为基础的语言,使他远离当时的“新文艺腔”,使他在现代作家中独具一格,成为了把“乡土中国”社会变革过程中的小市民阶层的命运、思想、心理用文学形式表现出来并取得巨大成功的第一人。同时,也正因为他重视文化对人性与人伦关系的影响,决定了他对中国传统文化的批判态度,也决定了他的批判不同别人的批判。比如,他通过对自己最擅长的人物——骨子里仍然是农民的老派市民的批判,来实现自己对北京文化乃至整个中国传统文化的消极成分的批判

阅读理解

D

A husband-and-wife team from California reached the Pacific Ocean after a 4,900- mile-cross

-country walk, becoming the first to backpack the American Discovery Trail in one continuous

walk. 

Marcia and Ken powers, of Pleasanton, started the travel across 13 states, through 14 national parks and 16 national forests on Feb. 27 from Cape Henlopen in Delaware. Nearly eight months later, the excited couple walked through water into the Pacific Ocean at Point Reyes, a day ahead of time. 

“We are a little sad that a great adventure is over. It was a fantastic adventure. And now we go home and just do housework. It's really sad.” Marcia, who said she's in her 50s, and her 60-year-old husband traversed cities, desert, mountains and farmland before reaching the Pacifics alone with arms around each other' s backpacks.

They overcame deep snow in the East, a quicksand in Utah, close lightning strikes in the Mid- west and strong desert sandstorms in the West while averaging 22 miles a day and taking only four days off. But they enjoyed the French history of St. Louis' the beauty of the Colorado Rockies and the kindness of strangers they met along the way. They particularly remember two brothers ---- a

doctor and dentist-------who put them up in their homes, after terrible days, and a motorcyclist who gave them water after they failed to find any on Utah's lonely Wah Wah Desert.

“Americans are truly warm-hearted and wonderful people.” Marcia Powers said. “We got to meet people that we would never meet in our daily living at home. We got to touch it with our feet and hands and smell all its scents and hear its wildlife. It' s an amazing country,” she added.

68. Which of the following about couple's walk is TRUE?

A. The walk covered more than 13 states.

B. The walk lasted about half a year.

C. The walk didn't meet any desert.

D. The walk might end before October 27.

69. The underlined word “traversed” in the third paragraph means “____________.”

A. enjoy                       B. move across, through or over

C. overcome                    D. look at

70. According to the text, we can infer that during the walk the couple __________.

A. were treated warm-heartedly by the local people

B. never stopped to have a rest

C. were ever caught in a heavy rain and became ill

D. felt the quicksand in Utah was very interesting

71. The couple went through many places except ____________.

A. big rivers       B. desert      C. hills       D. fields

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