问题 填空题

氢氧化钠溶液露置在空气中易发生变质,有关反应的化学方程式为____.利用某种试剂,既能证明氢氧化钠溶液已经变质,同时,适量的该试剂又能除去氢氧化钠溶液部分变质而生成的少量杂质,该试剂可以是____,有关反应的化学方程式为____.

答案

2NaOH+CO2="Na2CO3+H2O" Ca(OH)2溶液[或Ba(OH)2溶液,只写化学式也可,Ca(OH)2溶液写澄清石灰水也可以] Na2CO3+ Ca(OH)2=CaCO3↓+2NaOH[或Na2CO3+ Ba(OH)2=BaCO3↓+2NaOH]

本题考查了氢氧化钠的性质及碳酸盐的检验和除去杂质的方法,完成此题,可以依据氢氧化钠的性质进行分析;物质除杂时要求所选的试剂只与杂质反应,不能与原有物质反应,且反应后不能生成新的杂质。

氢氧化钠固体易吸水潮解,容易与空气中的二氧化碳反应生成碳酸钠和水而变质,即2NaOH+CO2=Na2CO3+H2O;

检验是否变质,就是检验是否含有碳酸盐,通常可以采用加酸的方法,看是否有气泡产生,而此题还要求同时除去碳酸钠,故可以选用氢氧化钙,或氢氧化钡,反应的方程式如下:Na2CO3+Ca(OH)2=2NaOH+CaCO3↓或Na2CO3+Ba(OH)2=2NaOH+BaCO3

完形填空
完形填空。
     Do you like to play outside? Do you like to    1   ? Do you like to play with a ball? You can do all
these   2    if you play football.
     Football players    3     throw (扔) and catch the ball. They cannot touch the ball with their    4    . They
can only kick (踢) the ball. If you have    5     teams, you can play football. There is a goal (球门) for each
team. Some goals are big net and other goals are only lines (线条).
     The players on one team want to kick the ball into the other    6   . When the ball goes into the other's
goal, they make one point (得一分).
     Lots of people play    7   . You can be    8    or old, tall or short. Football is easy to play. All you need
is a ball and a place to play. Then find enough (足够的)    9    to play. Keep playing football every day,
and you will be very    10   .
( )1. A. sleep      
( )2. A. activities
( )3. A. can        
( )4. A. legs      
( )5. A. two        
( )6. A. goal      
( )7. A. volleyball
( )8. A. young      
( )9. A. workers    
( )10. A. short     
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B. tricks    
B. will      
B. hands    
B. three    
B. room      
B. baseball  
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B. unhappy   
C. run        
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C. basketball
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D. eat      
D. work    
D. will not
D. heads    
D. five    
D. garden  
D. football
D. slim    
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