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问题 多项选择题

人口普查统计数据可能存在的误差来源有()。

A.填报错误

B.抄录错误

C.汇总错误

D.有意瞒报

E.未遵守随机原则抽取样本

答案

参考答案：A, B, C, D

解析：统计数据误差通常是指统计数据与客观现实之间的差距，误差有登记性误差和代表性误差。其中登记性误差是指调查过程中由于调查者或被调查者的人为因素所造成的误差。调查者造成的误差包括调查方案中有关的规定或解释不明确导致的填报错误、抄录错误、汇总错误等;被调查者造成的误差包括因人为因素干扰形成的有意虚报或瞒报调查数据，这种误差在统计调查中应予以特别重视。从理论上讲，登记性误差是可以消除的。

填空题

Today, we’ll talk about what other effects watching TV might produce on children. Children should be (1) a lot of television, many experts and parents agree, but there is at least one circumstance when it might be beneficial: (2) . A recent study conducted by Italian researchers found that children (3) immediately preceding and during blood tests experienced less pain than children whose mothers (4) during the procedure, or children whose mothers were present but (5) .
The research, led by Carlo Brown, MD, at the University of Siena, is published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood. (6) the study. None received any type of anesthesia; the children and their mothers (7) . Both the group whose mothers attempted to distract them from the blood tests and those whose mothers simply observed reported (8) than the group who watched cartoons. For that group, the levels of pain were less and the children were better able to (9) .
One of the possible explanations is that children might have (10) during the procedures, exacerbating their perception of pain. "The higher pain level reported by children during (11) shows the difficulty mothers have in interacting positively (12) in their children’s life," the authors write.
However, they stressed that (13) still provided benefits, noting that the children would (14) during the procedures. "Indeed, children state that having their parent present (15) when in pain," say the authors.
Another possibility offered for consideration is the notion that the (16) might release pain-quelling endorphins. Endorphins, (17) produced by the pituitary gland, resemble opiates in their ability to produce analgesia and a sense of well-being. In other words, they might (18) .
In any case, the study results suggest that health workers should (19) to watch television during painful procedures (20) .
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单项选择题

士兵训练要突出的“三能”是指（）

A、智能、潜能、体能

B、智能、技能、体能

C、技能、体能、潜能

D、智能、技能、潜能
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